Reaction of H{sub 2} and H{sub 2}S with CoMoO{sub 4} and NiMoO{sub 4}: TPR, XANES, time-resolved XRD, and molecular-orbital studies
- Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- Inst. Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas (Venezuela). Centro de Quimica
The combination of two metals in an oxide matrix can produce materials with novel physical and chemical properties. The reactivity of a series of cobalt and nickel molybdates ({alpha}-AMoO{sub 4}, {beta}-AMoO{sub 4}, and AmoO{sub 4}{center_dot}nH{sub 2}O; A = Co or Ni) toward H{sub 2} and H{sub 2}S was examined using temperature programmed reduction (TPR), synchrotron-based X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and X-ray absorption near-edge-spectroscopy (XANES). In general, the cobalt and nickel molybdates are more reactive toward H{sub 2} and easier to reduce than pure molybdenum oxides: MoO{sub 2} < MoO{sub 3} < CoMoO{sub 4} < NiMoO{sub 4}. The interaction of H{sub 2} with surfaces of {alpha}-NiMoO{sub 4}, {alpha}-CoMoO{sub 4}, and {alpha}-MoO{sub 3} was investigated using ab initio SCF calculations and cluster models. The mixed-metal oxides are easier to reduce due to the combination of two factors. First, it is easier to adsorb and dissociate H{sub 2} on Ni or Co sites than on Mo sites of an oxide. And second, as a result of differences in the strength of the metal-oxygen bonds, it is easier to remove oxygen as water from the nickel and cobalt molybdates than from MoO{sub 3} or MoO{sub 2}. The extra reactivity that the Co and Ni atoms provide also makes the rate of sulfidation of the cobalt and nickel molybdates faster than that of pure molybdenum oxides. For the adsorption of H{sub 2}S, HS, and S on {alpha}-NiMoO{sub 4} and {alpha}-MoO{sub 3} clusters, the results of ab initio SCF calculations show bigger bonding energies on the Ni sites than on the Mo sites. In these systems, the oxidation state of the Ni atoms is substantially lower (i.e., larger electron density) than that of the Mo atoms, favoring the formation of Ni {r_arrow} SH and Ni {r_arrow} S dative bonds. Results of time-resolved XRD and XANES indicate that the reduced AMoO{sub 4} compounds can be regenerated by reaction with O{sub 2} at high temperatures (350--450 C). A similar procedure (S{sub a} + O{sub 2,gas} {r_arrow} SO{sub 2,gas}) can be used to remove most of the sulfur from the sulfided oxides.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-98CH10886
- OSTI ID:
- 335254
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Physical Chemistry B: Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces, amp Biophysical, Vol. 103, Issue 5; Other Information: PBD: 4 Feb 1999
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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