Weldability and toughness evaluation of pressure vessel quality steel using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process
- Steel Authority of India Ltd., Ranchi (India). Research and Development Centre for Iron and Steel
The present study was carried out to assess the weldability properties of ASTM A537 Cl. 1 pressure-vessel quality steel using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. Implant and elastic restraint cracking (ERC) tests were conducted under different welding conditions to determine the cold cracking susceptibility of the steel. The static fatigue limit values determined for the implant test indicate adequate resistance to cold cracking even with unbaked electrodes. The ERC test, however, established the necessity to rebake the electrodes before use. Lamellar tearing tests carried out using full-thickness plates under three welding conditions showed no incidence of lamellar tearing upon visual examination, ultrasonic inspection, and four-section macroexamination. Lamellar tearing tests were repeated using machined plates, such that the central segregated band located at the midthickness of the plate corresponded to the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the weld. Only in one (no rebake, heat input: 14.2 kJ cm{sup {minus}1}, weld restraint load: 42 kg mm{sup {minus}2}) of the eight samples tested was lamellar tearing observed. This was probably accentuated due to the combined effects of the presence of localized pockets of a hard phase (bainite) and a high hydrogen level (unbaked electrodes) in the weld joint. Optimal welding conditions were formulated based on the above tests. The weld joint was subjected to extensive tests and found to exhibit excellent strength (tensile strength:56.8 kg mm{sup {minus}2}, or 557 MPa), and low temperature impact toughness (7.4 and 4.5 kg-m at {minus}20 C for weld metal, WM, and HAZ) properties. Crack tip opening displacement tests carried out for the WM and HAZ resulted in {delta}{sub m} values 0.36 and 0.27 mm, respectively, which indicates adequate resistance to brittle fracture.
- OSTI ID:
- 320823
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 7, Issue 6; Other Information: PBD: Dec 1998
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Weldability and toughness assessment of Ti-microalloyed offshore steel
Crack growth in a welded microalloyed steel under sulfide stress cracking conditions