Electrolyte Design and Optimization for Alkali Metal‐Sulfur Batteries

Pai, Min‐Hao; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1002/aenm.202502691

Electrolyte Design and Optimization for Alkali Metal‐Sulfur Batteries

Journal Article · Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202502691· OSTI ID:3023586

Pai, Min‐Hao ^[1]; ^[1]

University of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Alkali metal-sulfur batteries, including lithium-sulfur (Li-S), sodium-sulfur (Na-S), and potassium-sulfur (K-S) systems, have garnered significant attention as promising electrochemical energy storage (EES) technologies. Among them, Li-S batteries stand out as strong contenders for next-generation energy storage, owing to their high energy density and the cost-effectiveness of sulfur-based cathodes. However, with the rapid technological advances and the escalating energy demand, lithium resources are becoming increasingly scarce, making it imperative to explore alternative metal anodes to replace lithium. Therefore, Na-S and K-S batteries, serving as counterparts to Li-S systems, are emerging as formidable contenders for next-generation energy storage technologies due to the abundant and cost-effective nature of sodium and potassium. Although Na-S and K-S batteries possess considerable potential in the energy sector, their development is still in its infancy, with performance constrained by the nascent state of electrolyte design and optimization. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and developments in liquid electrolytes for alkali metal-sulfur batteries. Additionally, it identifies key challenges and proposes future research directions aimed at enhancing electrolyte stability, optimizing interfacial compatibility, and improving the overall performance of alkali metal-sulfur batteries.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0005397

OSTI ID:: 3023586

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 40 Vol. 15; ISSN 1614-6840; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Emerging electrolytes with fluorinated solvents for rechargeable lithium-based batteries Wang, Yuankun; Li, Zhiming; Hou, Yunpeng Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 52, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CS00873D	journal	January 2023
Recent progress and strategic perspectives of inorganic solid electrolytes: fundamentals, modifications, and applications in sodium metal batteries Huang, Jiawen; Wu, Kuan; Xu, Gang Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 52, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CS01029A	journal	January 2023
Highly active and stable oxygen vacancies via sulfur modification for efficient catalysis in lithium–sulfur batteries Zhao, Chenghao; Jiang, Bo; Huang, Yang Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 16, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EE01774E	journal	January 2023
Polysulfide chemistry in metal–sulfur batteries Li, Xi-Yao; Zhao, Meng; Song, Yun-Wei Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 54, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CS00318G	journal	January 2025
Electrolyte engineering for thermally stable Li–S batteries operating from –20 °C to 100 °C Guo, Dong; Thomas, Simil; El-Demellawi, Jehad K. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 17, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EE03191A	journal	January 2024
Atom-dominated relay catalysis of high-entropy MXene promotes cascade polysulfide conversion for lithium–sulfur batteries Xu, Mengyao; Zhu, Qizhen; Li, Yanze Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 17, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EE03402C	journal	January 2024
Electrolytes with moderate lithium polysulfide solubility for high-performance long-calendar-life lithium–sulfur batteries Gao, Xin; Yu, Zhiao; Wang, Jingyang Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 120, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301260120	journal	July 2023

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