Lepton flavor violation: From muon decays to muon colliders

Asadi, Pouya; Bagherian, Hengameh; Fraser, Katherine; Homiller, Samuel; Lu, Qianshu

doi:10.1103/bg4z-dmgb

Lepton flavor violation: From muon decays to muon colliders

Journal Article · Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2026 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/bg4z-dmgb· OSTI ID:3018704

Asadi, Pouya ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Lu, Qianshu ^[5]

University of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States); University of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States)
University of Chicago, IL (United States); Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
University of Pittsburgh, PA (United States); Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States)
Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), Princeton, NJ (United States); New York University (NYU), NY (United States)

We investigate the unique potential of a high-energy muon collider to probe lepton-flavor-violating signals arising from physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). Low-energy, precision searches for charged lepton flavor violation (LFV) are projected to dramatically improve their sensitivity in the coming years and could provide the first evidence of new physics. We interpret the sensitivity of these searches in terms of a set of LFV operators in the SM effective field theory. The same operators are then probed at the TeV scale via new, high-energy processes only available at a high-energy muon collider, such as 𝜇⁢𝜇 → 𝜇⁢𝜏 or the scattering of a muon of an electroweak gauge boson into LFV final states. We find that, for most operators, a muon collider could confirm signals if they are seen at future low-energy experiments, whereas for certain flavor combinations it extends the reach to scales well beyond those accessible at lower energies. We also project the sensitivity of a muon collider to lepton-flavor-violating decays of the SM Higgs boson and demonstrate improved sensitivity to ℎ → 𝑒⁢𝜏 and ℎ → 𝜇⁢𝜏 by an order of magnitude compared to the High-Luminosity LHC. The importance of having multiple, complementary probes is illustrated by considering both various combinations of operators and relative sizes of flavor-violating transitions between generations under various assumptions for the flavor structure of new physics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF); Simons Foundation; U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; SC0010107; SC0013607

Other Award/Contract Number:: 2503442
PHY-2309456
PHY-2210498
PHY-2514611
PHY-2210452
1161654
G-2024-22395
2016153

OSTI ID:: 3018704

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 113; ISSN 2470-0010; ISSN 2470-0029

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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