Robust Restoration From Cyber-Physical Attacks in Active Distribution Grids With Grid-Edge IBRs

Journal Article · Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2024.3434390· OSTI ID:3015740

Gao, Xue ^[1]; Sun, Wei ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)

The inverter-based resources (IBRs) have enabled the integration of renewable energy at the grid edge with enhanced control capabilities to support the reliable operation of power grids. Different control frameworks, such as hierarchical or distributed architecture, have been proposed with the expansion of cyber networks for real-time monitoring and control. This evolution of critical infrastructure into cyber-physical systems also brings more vulnerabilities for the broadened attack surfaces, and significantly increases the possibility of physical system failures or outages caused by cyberattacks. Among tremendous efforts in the defense-in-depth approach, it remains challenging to provide prompt detection and accurate location of attack entry points or paths. Therefore, the prevailing restoration framework may struggle to fully consider the cyber-physical interdependence, successfully isolate the compromised cyber and physical components, and safely recover the systems without the potential risks leading to secondary outages. This paper is motivated to develop a cyber-physical restoration framework for distribution grids to recover from cyber attacks by harnessing grid-edge IBRs. The framework is first built on the operational guidelines of IBRs considering the compromised cyber layer. Then, an ambiguity set is established to represent the uncertainty of attack scenarios and their possibility levels. Next, a distributionally robust optimization model is developed to provide the optimal load restoration strategy across all scenarios. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated through various use cases on the modified IEEE 13-node and 123-node test systems. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and advancement of developed post-attack restoration strategies.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office
• Grant/Contract Number: EE0009339
• OSTI ID: 3015740
• Journal Information: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 40; ISSN 0885-8950; ISSN 1558-0679
• Publisher: IEEE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

Cybersecurity
Distributed energy resources
Distributionally robust optimization
Inverter-based resources
Post-attack restoration
Power system resilience