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Investigating biological nitrogen fixation via single-cell transcriptomics

Journal Article · · Journal of Experimental Botany
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae454· OSTI ID:3005949

The extensive use of nitrogen fertilizers has detrimental environmental consequences, and it is essential for society to explore sustainable alternatives. One promising avenue is engineering root nodule symbiosis, a naturally occurring process in certain plant species within the nitrogen-fixing clade, into non-leguminous crops. Advancements in single-cell transcriptomics provide unprecedented opportunities to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying root nodule symbiosis at the cellular level. This review summarizes key findings from single-cell studies in Medicago truncatula, Lotus japonicus, and Glycine max. We highlight how these studies address fundamental questions about the development of root nodule symbiosis, including the following findings: (i) single-cell transcriptomics has revealed a conserved transcriptional program in root hair and cortical cells during rhizobial infection, suggesting a common infection pathway across legume species; (ii) characterization of determinate and indeterminate nodules using single-cell technologies supports the compartmentalization of nitrogen fixation, assimilation, and transport into distinct cell populations; (iii) single-cell transcriptomics data have enabled the identification of novel root nodule symbiosis genes and provided new approaches for prioritizing candidate genes for functional characterization; and (iv) trajectory inference and RNA velocity analyses of single-cell transcriptomics data have allowed the reconstruction of cellular lineages and dynamic transcriptional states during root nodule symbiosis.

Research Organization:
University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0018247
OSTI ID:
3005949
Journal Information:
Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Name: Journal of Experimental Botany Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 76; ISSN 1460-2431; ISSN 0022-0957
Publisher:
Oxford University Press (OUP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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