Utilizing intake-air oxygen-enrichment technology to reduce cold-phase emissions

Book · Sun Dec 31 04:00:00 EST 1995

OSTI ID:264513

Poola, R B; Ng, H K; Sekar, R R ^[1]; Colucci, C P ^[2]; Baudino, J H

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1. Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)
2. National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO (United States)

Oxygen-enriched combustion is a proven, seriously considered technique to reduce exhaust hydrocarbons (HC) and CO emissions from automotive gasoline engines. This paper presents the cold-phase emissions reduction results of using oxygen-enriched intake air containing about 23% and 25% oxygen (by volume) in a vehicle power3ed by a spark-ignition (SI) engine. Both engine-out and converter-out emissions data were collected by following the standard federal test procedure (FTP). Converter-out emissions data were also obtained employing the US EPA`s Off-Cycle test. Test results indicate that the engine-out CO emissions during the cold phase (bag 1) were reduced by about 46 and 50%, and HC by about 33 and 43%, using nominal 23 and 25% oxygen-enriched air compared to ambient air, respectively. However, the corresponding emissions were increased by about 56 and 79%, respectively. Time-resolved emissions data indicate that both HC and CO emissions were reduced considerably during the initial 127 s of the cold-phase FTP, without any increase in NO{sub x} emissions in the first 25 s. Hydrocarbon speciation results indicate that all major toxic pollutants, including ozone-forming specific reactivity factors, such as maximum incremental reactivity and maximum ozone incremental reactivity, were reduced considerably with oxygen-enrichment. Based on these results, it seems that using oxygen-enriched intake air during the cold-phase FTP could potentially reduce HC and CO emissions sufficiently to meet future emissions standards. Off-cycle, converter-out, weighted-average emissions results show that both HC and CO emissions were reduced by about 60 to 75% with 23 or 25% oxygen-enrichment, but the accompanying NO{sub x} emissions were much higher than those with the ambient air.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL
• DOE Contract Number: W-31109-ENG-38
• OSTI ID: 264513
• Report Number(s): CONF-9510144--; ISBN 1-56091-704-0
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

02 PETROLEUM
2-METHYLPROPENE
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
ACETALDEHYDE
ACROLEIN
AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT
ALLENE
AUTOMOBILES
BENZALDEHYDE
BENZENE
BUTADIENE
CARBON MONOXIDE
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
EMISSION
ETHYLENE
EXHAUST GASES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FORMALDEHYDE
HEXANE
HYDROCARBONS
METHANE
MODIFICATIONS
NITROGEN OXIDES
OXYGEN ENRICHMENT
PENTANE
PROPYLENE
SPARK IGNITION ENGINES
START-UP
TOLUENE
XYLENES