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Low Energy Implantation into Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers to Form Janus Structures

Journal Article · · ACS Nano
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [5];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
  2. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  3. Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
  4. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
  5. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
Atomically-thin two-dimensional (2D) materials face significant energy barriers for synthesis and processing into functional metastable phases such as Janus structures. Here, in this study, the controllable implantation of hyperthermal species from pulsed laser deposition (PLD) plasmas is introduced as a top-down method to compositionally engineer 2D monolayers. The kinetic energies of Se clusters impinging on suspended monolayer WS2 crystals were controlled in the <10 eV/atom range with in situ plasma diagnostics to determine the thresholds for selective top layer replacement of sulfur by selenium for the formation of high quality WSSe Janus monolayers at low (300 °C) temperatures, and bottom layer replacement for complete conversion to WSe2. Atomic-resolution electron microscopy and spectroscopy in tilted geometry confirm the WSSe Janus monolayer. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that Se clusters implant to form disordered metastable alloy regions, which then recrystallize to form highly ordered structures, opening the door for low-energy implantation by PLD as a novel method to explore the synthesis of 2D Janus layers and alloys of variable composition.
Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
2586981
Journal Information:
ACS Nano, Journal Name: ACS Nano Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 14; ISSN 1936-086X; ISSN 1936-0851
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

2D materials
Janus monolayer
conversion
implantation
pulsed laser deposition
synthesis and processing
transition-metal dichalcogenide