Precision Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor via the Ratio Method at Jefferson Lab Hall A

Thesis/Dissertation · Fri Aug 01 04:00:00 EDT 2025

OSTI ID:2583906

Satnik, Maria ^[1]

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1. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA (United States)

Protons and neutrons, collectively known as nucleons, are composed of quarks and gluons. The Sachs electromagnetic form factors encode information about the spatial distributions of charge and magnetization in the nucleon, particularly at low momentum transfer. In particular, the neutron magnetic form factor (GMn) provides crucial information about the distribution of magnetization inside the neutron and helps constrain theoretical models of nucleon structure. Quasi-elastic electron scattering from deuterium was measured up to Q^2=13.5 GeV^2 using the Super BigBite Spectrometer in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. In this work, the neutron magnetic form factor GMn was extracted at Q^2 = 3.0 GeV^2 and Q^2=4.5 GeV^2 using the Ratio Method. These results represent a subset of the full dataset collected in this experiment, which extended to significantly higher Q^2. The extracted GMn values agree with the existing global fit within approximately two standard deviations at Q^2=3.0 and show excellent agreement at Q^2=4.5. The measurements achieved systematic uncertainties of about 2% and statistical uncertainties below 0.5%, among the most precise determinations of GMn at these kinematics. These results demonstrate the robustness of the experimental technique and provide an important validation point for future extractions at higher Q^2, where data remain scarce. In addition, the GRINCH heavy gas Cherenkov detector—a key component of the experimental apparatus—was commissioned and achieved an electron detection efficiency of approximately 97%, supporting reliable particle identification. Together, the analysis presented here advances both our understanding of nucleon structure and the validation of the experimental methods and instrumentation used to access it.

• Research Organization: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-06OR23177
• OSTI ID: 2583906
• Report Number(s): DOE/OR/23177-7979; JLAB-PHY-25-4493
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English