Paleoclimatic implications of glacial fluctuations in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, northern Andes, Colombia, during the Lateglacial and Holocene

Herbert, Jordan N.; Bromley, Gordon R.M.; Kelly, Meredith A.; Doughty, Alice M.; Ruiz-Carrascal, Daniel; Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A.; Londoño, Santiago Noriega; Galloway, Peter B.; Hidy, Alan J.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109458

Paleoclimatic implications of glacial fluctuations in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, northern Andes, Colombia, during the Lateglacial and Holocene

Journal Article · Thu Jun 05 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · Quaternary Science Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109458· OSTI ID:2583215

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A. ^[5]; Londoño, Santiago Noriega ^[6]; Galloway, Peter B. ^[1]; ^[7]

Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (United States)
University of Galway (Ireland); University of Maine, Orono, ME (United States)
University of Maine, Orono, ME (United States)
EAFIT University, Medellín (Colombia)
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín (Colombia); University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín (Colombia)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

The reconstruction of former mountain glaciers from geomorphic mapping and cosmogenic-nuclide surface-exposure dating provides a unique opportunity to infer patterns of past terrestrial climate variability. Tropical mountain glaciers are particularly valuable as there are comparatively few terrestrial climate proxies at equatorial latitudes relative to higher latitudes. As the single largest climate zone on Earth, the tropics play an outsized role in mediating global climate via the ocean-atmosphere transfer of latent heat and water vapor. Nonetheless, there remains a persistent gap in our understanding of how the tropics influenced – or were influenced by – the high-magnitude climate shifts of the Late Pleistocene, and whether this high-energy region simply responded to extratropical forcing or was itself a driver of global climatic change. To help address this knowledge gap, we analyzed geologic evidence for past glacial fluctuations in three adjacent valleys in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, the highest subrange of the Eastern Cordillera in the Colombian Andes, to provide a terrestrial record of atmospheric temperature during the latter part of Termination 1. Coupled with geomorphic mapping and paleo-snowline reconstructions, our beryllium-10 glacial chronology indicates that glaciers in the humid inner tropics underwent pronounced growth and gradual decay during the Antarctic Cold Reversal (14.5–12.8 ka) and Younger Dryas (12.8–11.7 ka) periods, respectively, following a trend that, according to directly dated moraine records from throughout both polar hemispheres, appears to have been global. While the specific mechanism(s) behind this large-scale behavior remains to be corroborated, we revisit the hypothesis that ocean-atmosphere heat transfer and water vapor flux are key drivers of abrupt Lateglacial temperature fluctuations. Subsequent to the Lateglacial, deglaciation of the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy accelerated during the Early Holocene, a pattern also observed in other tropical glacier records. More recently, the magnitude of snowline rise and glacier retreat over the last two centuries supports the view that modern tropospheric warming is anomalously strong at least relative to the last ∼16,000 years.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2583215

Report Number(s):: LLNL--JRNL-2003787

Journal Information:: Quaternary Science Reviews, Journal Name: Quaternary Science Reviews Vol. 363; ISSN 0277-3791

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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LGM and Late Glacial glacier advances in the Cordillera Real and Cochabamba (Bolivia) deduced from ¹⁰Be surface exposure dating Zech, R.; Kull, Ch.; Kubik, P. W. Climate of the Past, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-623-2007	journal	January 2007
The role of orbital forcing, carbon dioxide and regolith in 100 kyr glacial cycles Ganopolski, A.; Calov, R. Climate of the Past, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1415-2011	journal	January 2011
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