Elucidating texture and grain morphology contributions to the micromechanical response of additively manufactured Inconel 625

Knox, Reilly J.; Carson, Robert; Rolchigo, Matthew; Shanks, Katherine S.; Belak, James; Pagan, Darren C.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2025.148824

Elucidating texture and grain morphology contributions to the micromechanical response of additively manufactured Inconel 625

Journal Article · Sat Jul 26 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2025.148824· OSTI ID:2574473

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Belak, James ^[2]; Pagan, Darren C. ^[1]

Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS)

Microstructural variation of additively manufactured (AM) metal components in comparison to wrought counterparts makes certification for critical applications a challenge. Microscale simulations leveraging modern computational tools may be used to supplement testing of AM microstructures, thus accelerating certification by reducing the number of experiments needed. However, as micromechanical response is closely tied to critical properties like fatigue-life and fracture, utilization of these simulations with macroscale experimental data alone is insufficient. One means to attain microscale experimental data is in situ diffraction data collected from synchrotron X-ray sources. In this work, such data were collected during in situ compression of AM Inconel 625 superalloy. Interpretation of experimental results was assisted by massive (8M element) complementary micromechanical simulations performed on sets of virtual microstructures generated using cellular automata. Together, micromechanical data from diffraction experiments and simulations were used to probe the effects of textured “track” microstructures generated during laser powder bed fusion and directional strength-to-stiffness on micromechanical response. Though fiber-averaged directional strength-to-stiffness ratios were expected to dominate given the high elastic anisotropy of the material, the combination of small variations in texture and specific grain configurations unique to AM microstructures lead to significant variability in micromechanical response after yield. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the importance of high-fidelity microstructural representation that captures key texture components and AM-specific morphology for property prediction of AM metals.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2574473

Journal Information:: Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing, Journal Name: Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing Vol. 944; ISSN 0921-5093

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (42)

Accurate characterization of machine compliance for simple compression testing Kalidindi, S. R.; Abusafieh, A.; El-Danaf, E. Experimental Mechanics, Vol. 37, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02317861	journal	June 1997
Residual strains in HY100 polycrystals: Comparisons of experiments and simulations Dawson, Paul; Boyce, Donald; MacEwen, Stuart Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 31, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-000-0165-4	journal	June 2000
Microstructural Architecture, Microstructures, and Mechanical Properties for a Nickel-Base Superalloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting Murr, L. E.; Martinez, E.; Gaytan, S. M. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 42, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0748-2	journal	June 2011
Uncertainty Quantification in the Mechanical Response of Crystal Plasticity Simulations Bandyopadhyay, Ritwik; Prithivirajan, Veerappan; Sangid, Michael D. JOM, Vol. 71, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03551-3	journal	June 2019
Estimation of Errors in Stress Distributions Computed in Finite Element Simulations of Polycrystals Chatterjee, Kamalika; Carson, Robert A.; Dawson, Paul R. Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40192-019-00158-z	journal	November 2019
Outcomes and Conclusions from the 2018 AM-Bench Measurements, Challenge Problems, Modeling Submissions, and Conference Levine, Lyle; Lane, Brandon; Heigel, Jarred Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40192-019-00164-1	journal	February 2020
A constitutive description of the deformation of copper based on the use of the mechanical threshold stress as an internal state variable Follansbee, P. S.; Kocks, U. F. Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(88)90030-2	journal	January 1988
On modelling the elasto-viscoplastic response of metals using polycrystal plasticity Marin, E. B.; Dawson, P. R. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 165, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(98)00034-6	journal	November 1998
A 3D Cellular Automaton algorithm for the prediction of dendritic grain growth Gandin, Ch. -A; Rappaz, M. Acta Materialia, Vol. 45, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00303-5	journal	May 1997
Influence of directional strength-to-stiffness on the elastic–plastic transition of fcc polycrystals under uniaxial tensile loading Wong, S. L.; Dawson, P. R. Acta Materialia, Vol. 58, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2009.11.009	journal	March 2010
A method for measuring single-crystal elastic moduli using high-energy X-ray diffraction and a crystal-based finite element model Efstathiou, C.; Boyce, D. E.; Park, J. -S. Acta Materialia, Vol. 58, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2010.06.056	journal	October 2010
Strong morphological and crystallographic texture and resulting yield strength anisotropy in selective laser melted tantalum Thijs, Lore; Montero Sistiaga, Maria Luz; Wauthle, Ruben Acta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.04.036	journal	July 2013
Functionally graded material of 304L stainless steel and inconel 625 fabricated by directed energy deposition: Characterization and thermodynamic modeling Carroll, Beth E.; Otis, Richard A.; Borgonia, John Paul Acta Materialia, Vol. 108 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.02.019	journal	April 2016
A methodology to determine the elastic moduli of crystals by matching experimental and simulated lattice strain pole figures using discrete harmonics Wielewski, Euan; Boyce, Donald E.; Park, Jun-Sang Acta Materialia, Vol. 126 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.026	journal	March 2017
Modeling slip system strength evolution in Ti-7Al informed by in-situ grain stress measurements Pagan, Darren C.; Shade, Paul A.; Barton, Nathan R. Acta Materialia, Vol. 128 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.02.042	journal	April 2017
Grain interactions under thermo-mechanical loads investigated with coupled crystal plasticity simulations and high-energy X-ray diffraction microscopy Mackey, Brandon T.; Bandyopadhyay, Ritwik; Gustafson, Sven E. Acta Materialia, Vol. 257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119166	journal	September 2023
MFEM: A modular finite element methods library Anderson, Robert; Andrej, Julian; Barker, Andrew Computers & Mathematics with Applications, Vol. 81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2020.06.009	journal	January 2021
ExaCA: A performance portable exascale cellular automata application for alloy solidification modeling Rolchigo, Matt; Reeve, Samuel Temple; Stump, Benjamin Computational Materials Science, Vol. 214 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111692	journal	November 2022
Exploring the role of Type-II residual stresses in a laser powder bed fusion nickel-based superalloy using measurement and modeling Tayon, Wesley A.; Pagan, Darren C.; Yeratapally, Saikumar R. International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 181 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2024.108153	journal	April 2024
Three-dimensional maps of geometrically necessary dislocation densities in additively manufactured Ni-based superalloy IN718 Witzen, Wyatt A.; Polonsky, Andrew T.; Pollock, Tresa M. International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102709	journal	August 2020
Comparative assessment of backstress models using high-energy X-ray diffraction microscopy experiments and crystal plasticity finite element simulations Bandyopadhyay, Ritwik; Gustafson, Sven E.; Kapoor, Kartik International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 136 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102887	journal	January 2021
Grain orientation fragmentation in hot-deformed aluminium: Experiment and simulation Quey, R.; Dawson, P. R.; Driver, J. H. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 60, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2011.11.005	journal	March 2012
Stress and deformation heterogeneity in individual grains within polycrystals subjected to fully reversed cyclic loading Wong, Su Leen; Obstalecki, Mark; Miller, Matthew P. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 79 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2015.03.010	journal	June 2015
Effect of scanning strategy on grain structure and crystallographic texture of Inconel 718 processed by selective laser melting Wan, H. Y.; Zhou, Z. J.; Li, C. P. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2018.02.002	journal	October 2018
Residual stress mapping in Inconel 625 fabricated through additive manufacturing: Method for neutron diffraction measurements to validate thermomechanical model predictions Wang, Zhuqing; Denlinger, Erik; Michaleris, Panagiotis Materials & Design, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.10.003	journal	January 2017
High strain-rate behaviour of as-cast and as-build Inconel 718 alloys at elevated temperatures Forni, Daniele; Mazzucato, Federico; Valente, Anna Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 159 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2021.103859	journal	August 2021
Diffraction and single-crystal elastic constants of Inconel 625 at room and elevated temperatures determined by neutron diffraction Wang, Zhuqing; Stoica, Alexandru D.; Ma, Dong Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 674 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.08.010	journal	September 2016
Stress relaxation in a nickel-base superalloy at elevated temperatures with in situ neutron diffraction characterization: Application to additive manufacturing Wang, Zhuqing; Stoica, Alexandru D.; Ma, Dong Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 714 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.12.058	journal	January 2018
Effect of scanning strategy on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel Liu, C. Y.; Tong, J. D.; Jiang, M. G. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 766 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138364	journal	October 2019
Plasticity and fracture behavior of Inconel 625 manufactured by laser powder bed fusion: Comparison between as-built and stress relieved conditions Qin, Shipin; Novak, Theresa C.; Vailhe, Madeline K. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 806 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.140808	journal	March 2021
Temperature and strain-rate dependence of the elevated temperature ductility of Inconel 718 prepared by selective laser melting McLouth, Tait D.; Witkin, David B.; Lohser, Julian R. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 824 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.141814	journal	September 2021
Crystallographic texture control of beta-type Ti–15Mo–5Zr–3Al alloy by selective laser melting for the development of novel implants with a biocompatible low Young's modulus Ishimoto, Takuya; Hagihara, Koji; Hisamoto, Kenta Scripta Materialia, Vol. 132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.12.038	journal	April 2017
Absence of dynamic strain aging in an additively manufactured nickel-base superalloy Beese, Allison M.; Wang, Zhuqing; Stoica, Alexandru D. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04473-5	journal	May 2018
Ultrastrong nanotwinned titanium alloys through additive manufacturing Zhu, Yuman; Zhang, Kun; Meng, Zhichao Nature Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01359-2	journal	September 2022
Additive manufacturing of ultrafine-grained high-strength titanium alloys Zhang, Duyao; Qiu, Dong; Gibson, Mark A. Nature, Vol. 576, Issue 7785 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1783-1	journal	December 2019
A rotational and axial motion system load frame insert for in situ high energy x-ray studies Shade, Paul A.; Blank, Basil; Schuren, Jay C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4927855	journal	September 2015
Depth-resolved characterization of centrifugal disk finishing of additively manufactured Inconel 718 Peterson, Kenneth M.; Rifat, Mustafa; DeMeter, Edward C. Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 35, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ad6896	journal	August 2024
Characterizing heterogeneous intragranular deformations in polycrystalline solids using diffraction-based and mechanics-based metrics Carson, Robert; Obstalecki, Mark; Miller, Matthew Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/aa6dc5	journal	May 2017
Representative volume elements of strain/stress fields measured by diffraction techniques Şeren, Mehmet Hazar; Pagan, Darren C.; Noyan, Ismail Cevdet Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 56, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576723004351	journal	July 2023
Laws for Work-Hardening and Low-Temperature Creep Kocks, U. F. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Vol. 98, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3443340	journal	January 1976
ExaAM: Metal additive manufacturing simulation at the fidelity of the microstructure Turner, John A.; Belak, James; Barton, Nathan The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1177/10943420211042558	journal	January 2022
Understanding Uncertainty in Microstructure Evolution and Constitutive Properties in Additive Process Modeling Rolchigo, Matthew; Carson, Robert; Belak, James Metals, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/met12020324	journal	February 2022

Similar Records

Solid-State Transformation of an Additive Manufactured Inconel 625 Alloy at 700 °C

Journal Article · Fri Sep 17 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Applied Sciences · OSTI ID:1833637

Characterization of Inconel 625 fabricated using powder-bed-based additive manufacturing technologies

Journal Article · Thu Aug 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Journal of Materials Processing Technology · OSTI ID:1614183

Related Subjects

Additive manufacturing
Crystal plasticity
Nickel superalloy
X-ray diffraction

Elucidating texture and grain morphology contributions to the micromechanical response of additively manufactured Inconel 625

Citation Formats

References (42)

Similar Records

Related Subjects