The path towards plasma facing components: A review of state-of-the-art in W-based refractory high-entropy alloys

Hatler, Caleb; Robin, Ishtiaque; Kim, Hyosim; Curtis, Nathan; Sun, Bochuan; Aydogan, Eda; Fensin, Saryu Jindal; Couet, Adrien; Martinez, Enrique; Thoma, Dan J.; El Atwani, Osman

doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201

The path towards plasma facing components: A review of state-of-the-art in W-based refractory high-entropy alloys

Journal Article · Mon Oct 14 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201· OSTI ID:2572733

Hatler, Caleb ^[1]; Robin, Ishtiaque ^[2]; ^[3]; Curtis, Nathan ^[1]; Sun, Bochuan ^[4]; Aydogan, Eda ^[2]; ^[3]; Couet, Adrien ^[1]; Martinez, Enrique ^[4]; ^[1]; El Atwani, Osman ^[2]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Clemson Univ., SC (United States)

Developing advanced materials for plasma-facing components (PFCs) in fusion reactors is a crucial aspect for achieving sustained energy production. Tungsten (W) − based refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their superior radiation tolerance and high-temperature strength. Here, this review paper will focus on recent advancements in W-based RHEA research, with particular emphasis on: predictive modelling with machine learning (ML) to expedite the identification of optimal RHEA compositions; additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, highlighting their advantages for rapid prototyping and high-throughput multi-compositional sample production; mechanical properties relevant to PFC applications, including hardness, high-temperature strength, and ductility; and the radiation tolerance of W-based RHEAs under irradiated conditions. Finally, the key challenges and opportunities for future research, particularly the holistic analysis of candidate compositions as well as the role of radiation activation and oxidation are identified. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of W-based RHEAs for fusion applications and their potential to guide the development and validation of advanced refractory high entropy alloys.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AR0001541

OSTI ID:: 2572733

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2467570
OSTI ID: 2557961

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--25-22732; 10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201

Journal Information:: Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Journal Name: Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science Vol. 34; ISSN 1359-0286

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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