Developing advanced materials for plasma-facing components (PFCs) in fusion reactors is a crucial aspect for achieving sustained energy production. Tungsten (W) - based refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their superior radiation tolerance and high-temperature strength. This review paper will focus on recent advancements in W-based RHEA research, particularly emphasizing the key role of modelling using machine learning (ML) in the stage of discovery by predicting properties for each composition and expediting the identification of optimal RHEA compositions with desired properties. Additionally, the application of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for fabricating W-based RHEAs is explored, highlighting their advantages for rapid prototyping and multi-compositional sample production in a high throughput manner. The review critically evaluates the current understanding of mechanical properties relevant to PFC applications, including high-temperature strength and ductility. Furthermore, the radiation tolerance of W-based RHEAs under irradiated conditions is discussed. Finally, the validity of current AM-manufactured W-based RHEAs as PFC materials is assessed, and key challenges and opportunities for future research are identified. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of W-based RHEAs for fusion applications and their potential to guide the development and validation of advanced refractory high entropy alloys.
Hatler, Caleb, et al. "The Path towards Plasma Facing Components: A Review of State-of-the-art in W-Based Refractory High-Entropy Alloys." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, vol. 34, no. _, Dec. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201
Hatler, Caleb, Robin, Ishtiaque Karim, Kim, Hyosim, Curtis, Nathan, Sun, Bochuan, Aydogan Gungor, Eda, Fensin, Saryu, Couet, Adrien, Martinez, Enrique, Thoma, Dan, & El Atwani, Osman (2024). The Path towards Plasma Facing Components: A Review of State-of-the-art in W-Based Refractory High-Entropy Alloys. Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 34(_). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201
Hatler, Caleb, Robin, Ishtiaque Karim, Kim, Hyosim, et al., "The Path towards Plasma Facing Components: A Review of State-of-the-art in W-Based Refractory High-Entropy Alloys," Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 34, no. _ (2024), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201
@article{osti_2557961,
author = {Hatler, Caleb and Robin, Ishtiaque Karim and Kim, Hyosim and Curtis, Nathan and Sun, Bochuan and Aydogan Gungor, Eda and Fensin, Saryu and Couet, Adrien and Martinez, Enrique and Thoma, Dan and others},
title = {The Path towards Plasma Facing Components: A Review of State-of-the-art in W-Based Refractory High-Entropy Alloys},
annote = {Developing advanced materials for plasma-facing components (PFCs) in fusion reactors is a crucial aspect for achieving sustained energy production. Tungsten (W) - based refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their superior radiation tolerance and high-temperature strength. This review paper will focus on recent advancements in W-based RHEA research, particularly emphasizing the key role of modelling using machine learning (ML) in the stage of discovery by predicting properties for each composition and expediting the identification of optimal RHEA compositions with desired properties. Additionally, the application of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for fabricating W-based RHEAs is explored, highlighting their advantages for rapid prototyping and multi-compositional sample production in a high throughput manner. The review critically evaluates the current understanding of mechanical properties relevant to PFC applications, including high-temperature strength and ductility. Furthermore, the radiation tolerance of W-based RHEAs under irradiated conditions is discussed. Finally, the validity of current AM-manufactured W-based RHEAs as PFC materials is assessed, and key challenges and opportunities for future research are identified. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of W-based RHEAs for fusion applications and their potential to guide the development and validation of advanced refractory high entropy alloys.},
doi = {10.1016/j.cossms.2024.101201},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2557961},
journal = {Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science},
number = {_},
volume = {34},
place = {United States},
year = {2024},
month = {12}}
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 1020https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165892