Mechanisms of ion irradiation induced ordering in amorphous TiO2 nanotubes: Effects of ion mass and energy

Olsen, Tristan; Chen, Wei-Ying; Lau, Miu Lun; Koroni, Cyrus; Yang, Chao; Muntaha, Md Ali; Pooley, Sarah; Shang, Zhongxia; Hou, Dewen; Wang, Ling; Long, Min; Wharry, Janelle P.; Xiong, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.155114

Mechanisms of ion irradiation induced ordering in amorphous TiO₂ nanotubes: Effects of ion mass and energy

Journal Article · Sun Apr 28 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Nuclear Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.155114· OSTI ID:2568046

^[1]; Chen, Wei-Ying ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Yang, Chao ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[1]; Shang, Zhongxia ^[3]; Hou, Dewen ^[1]; Wang, Ling ^[4]; ^[1]; ^[3]; Xiong, Hui ^[1]

Boise State Univ., ID (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Here, amorphous TiO₂ nanotubes were irradiated in-situ in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with Kr⁺ ions at energies of 46 keV, 150 keV, and 1 MeV and with 46 keV Xe⁺ ions, to investigate the structural and morphological evolution of the nanotubes under irradiation. At all irradiation conditions, amorphous TiO₂ nanotubes exhibited significant morphological instability, and tended to undergo volumetric swelling with increasing ion counts, often until collapse of the original nanotube structure. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirmed that irradiation-induced defects can explain the observed swelling. Structurally, nanotubes remain amorphous following all Kr⁺ irradiation conditions, but irradiation with 46 keV Xe⁺ leads to the formation of anatase nanocrystallites. Importantly, through systematically varying ion energy and ion species, we try to elucidate the influence of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation induced changes. By contextualizing these results within the existing literature, we propose that the observed changes in TiO₂ nanotube morphology and structure could be due to a competition between two mechanisms: (1) disorder-induced swelling and (2) irradiation-induced amorphous-to-crystalline transformation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2568046

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2349376

Journal Information:: Journal of Nuclear Materials, Journal Name: Journal of Nuclear Materials Vol. 597; ISSN 0022-3115

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Disorder-order
Ion irradiation effect
Irradiation induced amorphous-to-crystalline transformation
Morphological change
Nanotubes

Mechanisms of ion irradiation induced ordering in amorphous TiO2 nanotubes: Effects of ion mass and energy

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Mechanisms of ion irradiation induced ordering in amorphous TiO₂ nanotubes: Effects of ion mass and energy