Field‐Relevant Degradation Mechanisms in Metal Halide Perovskite Modules

Uličná, Soňa; Schall, Jackson W.; Hayden, Steven C.; Irvin, Nicholas P.; Silverman, Timothy J.; Fei, Chengbin; Shi, Xiaoqiang; Arnold, Rachael L.; McDanold, Byron; Parker, Joshua; Huang, Jinsong; Berry, Joseph J.; Stein, Joshua S.; Kern, Dana B.; Owen‐Bellini, Michael; Schelhas, Laura T.

doi:10.1002/aenm.202404518

Field‐Relevant Degradation Mechanisms in Metal Halide Perovskite Modules

Journal Article · Sun Mar 16 00:00:00 EDT 2025 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202404518· OSTI ID:2558950

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Field testing, failure analysis, and understanding of degradation mechanisms are essential to advancing metal halide perovskite (MHP) photovoltaic (PV) technology toward commercialization. Here, we present performance data from up to 1 year of outdoor testing of MHP modules in Golden, Colorado. The module encapsulation architecture and encapsulant materials have a significant impact on module reliability, with modules containing a polyolefin elastomer (POE) in addition to a desiccated polyisobutylene (PIB) edge seal outlasting modules with only a PIB edge seal or PIB blanket. Nondestructive and destructive characterization of the field-tested modules points to module scribes and interfaces as areas of potential mechanical weakness and chemical migration, resulting in shunt pathways and increased series resistance. Finally, indoor accelerated stress testing with light and elevated temperatures is performed, demonstrating failure with similar scribe degradation signatures as compared to the field-tested modules. In conclusion, under both outdoor testing and light and elevated temperature conditions, electrochemical corrosion between the copper electrode and the mobile iodine ions appeared dominant, with a significant progression at the scribes that is speculated to result from an interplay between the initial laser damage and joule heating from enhanced ion diffusion under bias.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525; AC02-76SF00515; AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2558950

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5900-91537

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 23 Vol. 15; ISSN 1614-6840; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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14 SOLAR ENERGY
SOLAR ENERGY
encapsulation
metal halide perovskite
module reliability
outdoor testing
post-mortem failure analysis

Field‐Relevant Degradation Mechanisms in Metal Halide Perovskite Modules

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