A decade of insights: Delving into calendar aging trends and implications

Lam, Vivek N.; Cui, Xiaofan; Stroebl, Florian; Uppaluri, Maitri; Onori, Simona; Chueh, William C.

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.013

A decade of insights: Delving into calendar aging trends and implications

Journal Article · Wed Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2024 · Joule

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2024.11.013· OSTI ID:2536694

^[1]; Cui, Xiaofan ^[2]; Stroebl, Florian ^[2]; Uppaluri, Maitri ^[3]; ^[3]; Chueh, William C. ^[1]

Stanford University, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Stanford University, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford University, CA (United States)

Lithium-ion batteries remain at rest for extended periods and experience calendar aging. Although lithium-ion batteries are expected to perform for over 10 years at room temperature, long-term calendar aging data are seldom reported over such timescales. We present a dataset from 232 commercial cells across eight cell types and five manufacturers that underwent calendar aging across various temperatures and states of charge (SOCs) for up to 13 years. We analyze calendar aging across these conditions by tracking capacity loss and resistance growth as the cells degrade. This dataset is used to validate simple models, primarily the Arrhenius law and the power law, which explain the temperature and storage time on calendar aging. Certain applications of Arrhenius and power law fail to describe the dependence of capacity loss on temperature and resistance growth on storage time. Through this dataset, we demonstrate the complexity of calendar aging and the challenges in reducing trends into phenomenological models.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 2536694

Journal Information:: Joule, Journal Name: Joule Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 9; ISSN 2542-4351

Publisher:: Elsevier - Cell PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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