Computational study of the ECN spray C via one-way coupling of internal nozzle flow and ensuing spray

Guo, Hengjie; Torelli, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106243

Computational study of the ECN spray C via one-way coupling of internal nozzle flow and ensuing spray

Journal Article · Mon Jul 24 04:00:00 EDT 2023 · Journal of Aerosol Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106243· OSTI ID:2536668

^[1]; Torelli, Roberto ^[1]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Here, in this study, computational fluid dynamics simulations of the Engine Combustion Network Spray C injector were performed to investigate the effect of the internal nozzle flow on the development of the ensuing spray in automotive fuel injectors. A set of simulation best practices was first developed to achieve an accurate representation of the internal nozzle flow. Detailed, spatiotemporally defined information was extracted at the injector’s orifice exit and stored in maps that were subsequently employed to initialize a Lagrangian spray by means of a static, one-way coupling (OWC) approach. To highlight the impact of the in-nozzle flow on the spray, the OWC approach was compared with the conventional rate-of-injection (ROI) approach, for which the spray parcels are commonly initialized using a blob injection model. The results indicated that, using the ROI approach, considerable evaporation was observed within the plume in the near-nozzle region. On the other hand, the OWC approach showed evidence of evaporation farther downstream and at the plume periphery. The different behavior observed with the two approaches was mostly due to substantial differences in fuel mass distribution. The liquid fuel concentration predicted by the OWC approach matched well with X-ray tomography measurements of projected fuel mass per unit volume, in terms of both magnitude and distribution. In contrast, an unphysical distribution of fuel mass characterized by an extremely low liquid concentration was predicted by the ROI approach. In the far-field, the effect of the in-nozzle flow was found to be weaker as the spray penetrated and interacted with the ambient gas. In this region, the OWC and ROI approaches provided similar predictions of vapor penetration, spray morphology, and mixing-related characteristics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2536668

Journal Information:: Journal of Aerosol Science, Journal Name: Journal of Aerosol Science Vol. 174; ISSN 0021-8502

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
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one-way coupling

Computational study of the ECN spray C via one-way coupling of internal nozzle flow and ensuing spray

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