Using 81Kr and isotopic tracers to characterise old groundwater in the Bangkok metropolitan and vicinity areas

Kamdee, Kiattipong; Corcho Alvarado, Jose A.; Yongprawat, Monthon; Occarach, Occapasorn; Hunyek, Vanachawan; Wongsit, Arpakorn; Saengkorakot, Chakrit; Chanruang, Patchareeya; Polee, Chalermpong; Uapoonphol, Nichtima; Mabry, Jennifer; Romeo, Nicolo; Hillegonds, Darren; Zappala, Jake C.; Mueller, Peter; Matsumoto, Takuya

doi:10.1080/10256016.2023.2261613

Using ⁸¹Kr and isotopic tracers to characterise old groundwater in the Bangkok metropolitan and vicinity areas

Journal Article · Mon Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2023.2261613· OSTI ID:2523633

Kamdee, Kiattipong ^[1]; ^[2]; Yongprawat, Monthon ^[1]; Occarach, Occapasorn ^[3]; Hunyek, Vanachawan ^[3]; Wongsit, Arpakorn ^[3]; Saengkorakot, Chakrit ^[1]; Chanruang, Patchareeya ^[1]; Polee, Chalermpong ^[1]; Uapoonphol, Nichtima ^[1]; Mabry, Jennifer ^[4]; Romeo, Nicolo ^[4]; Hillegonds, Darren ^[4]; Zappala, Jake C. ^[5]; Mueller, Peter ^[5]; Matsumoto, Takuya ^[4]

Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT), Nakhon Nayok (Thailand)
Federal Office for Civil Protection (FOCP), Spiez (Switzerland). Spiez Laboratory
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok (Thailand). Department of Groundwater Resources
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna (Austria)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Krypton-81 was applied to investigate the age of groundwater in the aquifer system in the Bangkok metropolitan and vicinity areas. Stable (²H, ¹⁸O and ¹³C) and radioactive (³H, ⁸⁵Kr and ¹⁴C) isotopes and noble gases were applied in parallel. Low levels of ¹⁴C and significant radiogenic ⁴He confirm that groundwater in the deep aquifers is older than 30 ka. ⁸¹Kr analysis identified groundwater with ages ranging from 17 to 300 ka. At some sites, large age discrepancies between ⁸¹Kr and ¹⁴C indicated that inter-aquifer mixing is likely occurring. The interpretation of the noble gases suggests that groundwaters in the deeper aquifers, with apparent ages of 300 to 10 ka, have recharged in slightly colder and wetter climates than those found in the upper aquifers with apparent ages < 10 ka. Degradation of water quality from seawater intrusion was identified in the upper four aquifers. This was also evidenced by higher δ¹⁸O and δ²H values, typical of seawater. The four deeper aquifers contain high quality water characterised by less enriched ¹⁸O and ²H. In conclusion, this work presents new findings of very old groundwater in the Bangkok aquifer system.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2523633

Journal Information:: Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies (Online), Journal Name: Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies (Online) Journal Issue: 4-6 Vol. 59; ISSN 1477-2639

Publisher:: Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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noble gases

Using 81Kr and isotopic tracers to characterise old groundwater in the Bangkok metropolitan and vicinity areas

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References (54)

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