A new decontamination set-up for localization of iodine and cesium radioaerosols during severe accidents at NPPs

Conference · Mon Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1996

OSTI ID:251001

Kulyukhin, S A; Mikheev, N B; Kamenskaya, A N ^[1]

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1. Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). Inst. of Physical Chemistry

The paper summarizes the system of environmental protection during severe accidents at nuclear power plants (NPPs) and report a new decontamination set-up for localization of iodine and cesium radioaerosols. This set-up base on a new approach of the localization of iodine and cesium radioaerosols. This approach uses unconventional approaches based not on the filtration of vapor-gas flows but on the extraction of cesium and iodine radioaerosols from them by the formation of mixed micelles with man-made hydrophilic aerosols and cocrystallization of I{sup {minus}} with them. The utilization of NH{sub 4}Cl-(NH{sub 4}){sub 2}SO{sub 3} macroaerosols obtained from gaseous HCl. SO{sub 2} and NH{sub 3} mixed at specific proportions allows the extraction of cesium and iodine radioaerosols from a vapor-gas flow at one cascade of set-up with the decontamination factor (DF) not less than 10{sup 2.5}--10{sup 3}. Because the set-up consists of 2--3 cascades and at each cascade particles with the same parameters (particle size and their character) are produced, after the vapor-gas mixture is passed through three consecutive cascades, the DF increases up to 10{sup 7}--10{sup 8}. This set-up may be used for the protection from radioaerosols at nuclear reactors of different types and may be both autonomous and auxiliary to the already existing protective system, with allowance made for the design parameters of nuclear reactors.

• OSTI ID: 251001
• Report Number(s): CONF-960306--; ISBN 0-7918-1226-X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS
AMMONIUM CHLORIDES
AMMONIUM SULFATES
CESIUM 137
CRYSTALLIZATION
DECONTAMINATION
DESIGN
EFFICIENCY
ENGINEERED SAFETY SYSTEMS
ENTRAINMENT
IODINE 131
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS
REACTOR ACCIDENTS
REACTOR SAFETY