Review of Layered Transition Metal Oxide Materials for Cathodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries

Ahangari, Mehdi; Zhou, Meng; Luo, Hongmei

doi:10.3390/mi16020137

Review of Layered Transition Metal Oxide Materials for Cathodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Fri Jan 24 00:00:00 EST 2025 · Micromachines

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16020137· OSTI ID:2506933

; ; Luo, Hongmei

The growing interest in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is driven by scarcity and the rising costs of lithium, coupled with the urgent need for scalable and sustainable energy storage solutions. Among various cathode materials, layered transition metal oxides have emerged as promising candidates due to their structural similarity to lithium-ion battery (LIB) counterparts and their potential to deliver high energy density at reduced costs. However, significant challenges remain, including limited capacity at high charge/discharge rates and structural instability during extended cycling. Addressing these issues is critical for advancing SIB technology toward industrial applications, particularly for large-scale energy storage systems. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of layered sodium transition metal oxides, focusing on their structural properties, electrochemical performance, and degradation mechanisms. Special attention is given to the intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to their instability, such as structural phase transitions, and cationic/anionic redox behavior. Additionally, recent advancements in material design strategies, including doping, surface modifications, and composite formation, are discussed to highlight the progress toward enhancing the stability and performance of these materials. This work aims to bridge the knowledge gaps and inspire further innovations in the development of high-performance cathodes for sodium-ion batteries.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0032475

OSTI ID:: 2506933

Journal Information:: Micromachines, Journal Name: Micromachines Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 16; ISSN MICRNQ; ISSN 2072-666X

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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