Reducing stomatal density by expression of a synthetic epidermal patterning factor increases leaf intrinsic water use efficiency and reduces plant water use in a C4 crop

Ferguson, John N.; Schmuker, Peter; Dmitrieva, Anna; Quach, Truyen; Zhang, Tieling; Ge, Zhengxiang; Nersesian, Natalya; Sato, Shirley J.; Clemente, Tom E.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ludwig, ed., Martha

doi:10.1093/jxb/erae289

Reducing stomatal density by expression of a synthetic epidermal patterning factor increases leaf intrinsic water use efficiency and reduces plant water use in a C4 crop

Journal Article · Thu Jul 18 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Experimental Botany

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae289· OSTI ID:2477470

; Schmuker, Peter; Dmitrieva, Anna; Quach, Truyen; Zhang, Tieling; Ge, Zhengxiang; Nersesian, Natalya; Sato, Shirley J.; Clemente, Tom E.; ; Ludwig, ed., Martha

Abstract

Enhancing crop water use efficiency (WUE) is a key target trait for climatic resilience and expanding cultivation on marginal lands. Engineering lower stomatal density to reduce stomatal conductance (gs) has improved WUE in multiple C3 crop species. However, reducing gs in C3 species often reduces photosynthetic carbon gain. A different response is expected in C4 plants because they possess specialized anatomy and biochemistry which concentrates CO2 at the site of fixation. This modifies the relationship of photosynthesis (AN) with intracellular CO2 concentration (ci), such that photosynthesis is CO2 saturated and reductions in gs are unlikely to limit AN. To test this hypothesis, genetic strategies were investigated to reduce stomatal density in the C4 crop sorghum. Constitutive expression of a synthetic epidermal patterning factor (EPF) transgenic allele in sorghum led to reduced stomatal densities, reduced gs, reduced plant water use, and avoidance of stress during a period of water deprivation. In addition, moderate reduction in stomatal density did not increase stomatal limitation to AN. However, these positive outcomes were associated with negative pleiotropic effects on reproductive development and photosynthetic capacity. Avoiding pleiotropy by targeting expression of the transgene to specific tissues could provide a pathway to improved agronomic outcomes.

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Research Organization:: Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), Urbana, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000661; SC0018420

OSTI ID:: 2477470

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2426593
OSTI ID: 2439290

Journal Information:: Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Name: Journal of Experimental Botany Journal Issue: 21 Vol. 75; ISSN 0022-0957

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Reducing stomatal density by expression of a synthetic epidermal patterning factor increases leaf intrinsic water use efficiency and reduces plant water use in a C4 crop

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