The ‘photosynthetic C1 pathway’ links carbon assimilation and growth in California poplar

Jardine, Kolby J.; Gallo, Luiza; Roth, Melissa; Upadhyaya, Shivani; Northen, Trent; Kosina, Suzanne; Tcherkez, Guillaume; Eudes, Aymerick; Domigues, Tomas; Greule, Markus; Som, Suman; Keppler, Frank

doi:10.1038/s42003-024-07142-0

The ‘photosynthetic C₁ pathway’ links carbon assimilation and growth in California poplar

Journal Article · Fri Nov 08 00:00:00 EST 2024 · Communications Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-07142-0· OSTI ID:2476581

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[4]; Eudes, Aymerick ^[1]; ^[5]; ^[6]; Som, Suman ^[1]; ^[6]

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Australian National Univ., Canberra (Australia); Université d’Angers, Beaucouzé (France); French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Champenoux (France); Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Beaucouzé (France)
Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Heidelberg Univ. (Germany)

Although primarily studied in relation to photorespiration, serine metabolism in chloroplasts may play a key role in plant CO₂ fertilization responses by linking CO₂ assimilation with growth. Here, we show that the phosphorylated serine pathway is part of a 'photosynthetic C₁ pathway' and demonstrate its high activity in foliage of a C₃ tree where it rapidly integrates photosynthesis and C₁ metabolism contributing to new biomass via methyl transfer reactions, imparting a large natural ¹³C-depleted signature. Using ¹³CO₂-labelling, we show that leaf serine, the S-methyl group of leaf methionine, pectin methyl esters, and the associated methanol released during cell wall expansion during growth, are directly produced from photosynthetically-linked C₁ metabolism, within minutes of light exposure. We speculate that the photosynthetic C₁ pathway is highly conserved across the photosynthetic tree of life, is responsible for synthesis of the greenhouse gas methane, and may have evolved with oxygenic photosynthesis by providing a mechanism of directly linking carbon and ammonia assimilation with growth. Although the rise in atmospheric CO₂ inhibits major metabolic pathways like photorespiration, our results suggest that the photosynthetic C₁ pathway may accelerate and represents a missing link between enhanced photosynthesis and plant growth rates during CO₂ fertilization under a changing climate.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science (BSS)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2476581

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2481713

Journal Information:: Communications Biology, Journal Name: Communications Biology Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 7; ISSN 2399-3642

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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