Selective single-atom adsorption for precision separation of lead ions in tap water via capacitive deionization

Gao, Zhenwei; Wang, Luqing; Huang, Xingkang; Benmore, Chris; Pu, Haihui; Wen, Jianguo; Zhuang, Wen; Chan, Maria K.Y.; Chen, Junhong

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2024.122665

Selective single-atom adsorption for precision separation of lead ions in tap water via capacitive deionization

Journal Article · Mon Oct 21 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Water Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122665· OSTI ID:2532324

Gao, Zhenwei ^[1]; Wang, Luqing ^[2]; Huang, Xingkang ^[1]; Benmore, Chris ^[3]; Pu, Haihui ^[1]; Wen, Jianguo ^[4]; Zhuang, Wen ^[1]; Chan, Maria K.Y. ^[4]; Chen, Junhong ^[1]

Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM)

Capacitive deionization (CDI) offers a cost-effective and low-energy method for selective removal of Pb²⁺ from drinking water. Modifying CDI electrode surfaces with functional groups presents a versatile approach to enhancing selective ion adsorption capacity. However, a comprehensive understanding of the selectivity and removal efficiency of Pb²⁺ among diverse functional groups remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the effects of different functional groups (-SH, -COOH, and -NH₂) attached to the graphene oxide (GO) electrode surfaces on Pb²⁺ selectivity and removal efficiency. Surprisingly, GO-COOH demonstrated single-atom adsorption of Pb²⁺, displaying superior removal efficiency and selectivity compared with -SH and -NH₂, although -SH possesses significant chelation capability for Pb²⁺. Both density functional theory (DFT) calculations and X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) analyses confirmed that Pb²⁺ exhibits a theoretically higher affinity to -COOH. Further, this research deepens our understanding of the interactions between functional groups and heavy metal ions, enabling selective and rapid separation of target cations for water purification.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2532324

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2475906

Journal Information:: Water Research, Journal Name: Water Research Journal Issue: Part: B Vol. 268; ISSN 0043-1354

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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