Removal and recovery of ammonia from simulated wastewater using Ti3C2Tx MXene in flow electrode capacitive deionization

Mansoor, Naqsh E.; Diaz, Luis A.; Shuck, Christopher E.; Gogotsi, Yury; Lister, Tedd E.; Estrada, David

doi:10.1038/s41545-022-00164-3

Title: Removal and recovery of ammonia from simulated wastewater using Ti3C2Tx MXene in flow electrode capacitive deionization

Journal Article · Tue Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · npj Clean Water

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-022-00164-3· OSTI ID:1874833

;

; Shuck, Christopher E.;

; Lister, Tedd E.;

Abstract Flowing electrode capacitive deionization systems (FE-CDI) have recently garnered attention because of their ability to prevent cross contamination and operate in uninterrupted cycles ad infinitum. Typically, FE-CDI electrodes suffer from low conductivity, reducing deionization performance. Utilization of higher mass loadings to combat this leads to poor rheological properties. Herein, Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene was introduced as 1 mg mL ⁻¹ slurry electrodes in an FE-CDI system for the removal and recovery of ammonia from simulated agricultural wastewater. The electrode performance was evaluated by operating the FE-CDI system with a feed solution of 500 mg L ⁻¹ NH ₄ Cl running in batch mode at a constant voltage of 1.20 and −1.20 V in charging and discharging modes, respectively. Despite the low loading, Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x flowing electrodes showed markedly improved performance, achieving 60% ion removal efficiency in a saturation time of 115 min with an adsorption capacity of 460 mg g ⁻¹ . To understand the high adsorption performance of the electrodes, physiochemical and structural analysis was done via a variety of characterization techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, DLS, and Raman spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles were obtained to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the electrodes. The system proved to be an energy-saving technology by exhibiting a charge efficiency of 58–70% while operating at an energy consumption of 0.45 kWh kg ⁻¹ . A 92% regeneration efficiency showed that the electrodes were stable and suitable for long term and scalable usage. The results demonstrate that MXenes have the potential to improve the FE-CDI process for energy-efficient removal and recovery of ammonia.

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Research Organization:: Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; Fulbright Fellowship Program; Boise State University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517; 80NSSC17M0029; NE0008677; P20GM103408; P20GM109095

OSTI ID:: 1874833

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1907950

Report Number(s):: INL/JOU-22-70569; 26; PII: 164

Journal Information:: npj Clean Water, Journal Name: npj Clean Water Vol. 5 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2059-7037

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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The effect of particle size distribution on effective zeta-potential by use of the sedimentation method Nakatuka, Yuta; Yoshida, Hideto; Fukui, Kunihiro Advanced Powder Technology, Vol. 26, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2015.01.017	journal	March 2015
Atomic Defects in Monolayer Titanium Carbide (Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x ) MXene Sang, Xiahan; Xie, Yu; Lin, Ming-Wei ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b05240	journal	September 2016
Economic analysis of electrodialysis, denitrification, and anammox for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater treatment Vineyard, Donald; Hicks, Andrea; Karthikeyan, K. G. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 262 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121145	journal	July 2020
Control of the aeration volume in an activated sludge process using supervisory control strategies Ekman, Mats; Björlenius, Berndt; Andersson, Mikael Water Research, Vol. 40, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.02.019	journal	May 2006
Ultrathin two-dimensional MXene membrane for pervaporation desalination Liu, Guozhen; Shen, Jie; Liu, Quan Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 548 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.065	journal	February 2018
Chronic lung disease secondary to ammonia inhalation injury: A report on three cases de la Hoz, Rafael E.; Schlueter, Donald P.; Rom, William N. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199602)29:2<209::AID-AJIM12>3.0.CO;2-7	journal	February 1996
2D MXene Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries: A review on Energy Storage Aslam, Muhammad Kashif; AlGarni, Tahani Saad; Javed, Muhammad Sufyan Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102478	journal	May 2021
Current trends and future prospects of ammonia removal in wastewater: A comprehensive review on adsorptive membrane development Adam, Mohd Ridhwan; Othman, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan; Abu Samah, Rozaimi Separation and Purification Technology, Vol. 213 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.030	journal	April 2019
Ultra-high-rate pseudocapacitive energy storage in two-dimensional transition metal carbides Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Kota, Sankalp; Lin, Zifeng Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.105	journal	July 2017
Ecotoxicological assessment of Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x (MXene) using a zebrafish embryo model Nasrallah, Gheyath K.; Al-Asmakh, Maha; Rasool, Kashif Environmental Science: Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EN01239J	journal	January 2018
2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage Anasori, Babak; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Gogotsi, Yury Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.98	journal	January 2017
Emergent Pseudocapacitance of 2D Nanomaterials Yu, Xu; Yun, Sol; Yeon, Jeong Seok Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702930	journal	February 2018
Selective Ammonium Removal from Synthetic Wastewater by Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization Using a Novel K ₂ Ti ₂ O ₅ -Activated Carbon Mixture Electrode Lin, Lin; Hu, Jiahui; Liu, Jiahua Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 54, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c04383	journal	September 2020

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