Optimizing the spatial resolution and gamma discrimination of SiPM-based Anger cameras

Loyd, Matthew; Sedov, Vladislav N.; Beal, Justin; Visscher, Theodore; Donahue Jr., Cornelius; Khaplanov, Anton; Diawara, Yacouba

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2024.169830

Optimizing the spatial resolution and gamma discrimination of SiPM-based Anger cameras

Journal Article · Mon Sep 02 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2024.169830· OSTI ID:2447302

^[1]; ^[1]; Beal, Justin ^[1]; Visscher, Theodore ^[1]; Donahue Jr., Cornelius ^[1]; ^[1]; Diawara, Yacouba ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

SiPM Anger cameras have been designed for use as 2-dimensional thermal neutron detectors for scientific applications such as at single crystal diffraction instruments. These cameras utilize a neutron sensitive scintillator and an array of SiPM photosensors, separated by a light spreading glass. While this optics package is very effective at detecting and positioning neutrons, it is also sensitive to gamma rays, which are a source of unwanted noise. In this work, we underwent a search of scintillator and spreader glass thicknesses to determine the optimal combination for maximizing spatial resolution. Both experimental results and GEANT4 simulations are presented. Further, to address the issue of gamma ray detection, we have also designed and presented a multi-layer scintillator that reduces the amount of scintillation light produced via gamma-ray energy deposition, allowing for easier pulse-height discrimination. A sample of this geometry has been produced that results in a factor of 2 improvement over an equivalent thickness monolithic scintillator.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2447302

Journal Information:: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Journal Name: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 1069; ISSN 0168-9002

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (30)

Characterization of gamma-ray background outside of the High Flux Isotope Reactor Nicholson, Andrew D.; Archer, Daniel E.; Garishvili, Irakli Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 318, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-6097-5	journal	August 2018
Geant4—a simulation toolkit Agostinelli, S.; Allison, J.; Amako, K. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 506, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8	journal	July 2003
Dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced neutron crystallography: Amplifying hydrogen in biological crystals Pierce, Joshua; Cuneo, Matthew J.; Jennings, Anna Methods in Enzymology https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mie.2019.11.018	book	January 2020
Characterization of the background in epithermal neutron scattering measurements at pulsed neutron sources Pietropaolo, A.; Tardocchi, M.; Schooneveld, E. M. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 568, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2006.08.116	journal	December 2006
The CG1 instrument development test station at the high flux isotope reactor Crow, Lowell; Robertson, Lee; Bilheux, Hassina Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 634, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.213	journal	April 2011
Neutron detector based on Particles of 6Li glass scintillator dispersed in organic lightguide matrix Ianakiev, K. D.; Hehlen, M. P.; Swinhoe, M. T. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 784 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.10.073	journal	June 2015
Bismuth- and lithium-loaded plastic scintillators for gamma and neutron detection Cherepy, Nerine J.; Sanner, Robert D.; Beck, Patrick R. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 778, p. 126-132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.01.008	journal	April 2015
Development and characterization of a neutron detector based on a lithium glass–polymer composite Mayer, M.; Nattress, J.; Kukharev, V. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 785 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.03.014	journal	June 2015
Fabrication and characterization of a lithium-glass-based composite neutron detector Rich, G. C.; Kazkaz, K.; Martinez, H. P. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 794 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.05.004	journal	September 2015
Design and performance of a large area neutron sensitive anger camera Riedel, R. A.; Donahue, C.; Visscher, T. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 794 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.05.026	journal	September 2015
Recent developments in Geant4 Allison, J.; Amako, K.; Apostolakis, J. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 835 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125	journal	November 2016
Development of a solid-state position sensitive neutron detector prototype based on 6Li-glass scintillator and digital SiPM arrays Kumar, S.; Herzkamp, M.; Durini, D. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 954 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.12.012	journal	February 2020
n/γ discrimination of SiPM array-based CLYC detector Wang, Chenger; Sun, Xilei; Yu, Jinqiu Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 1036 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.166870	journal	May 2022
Neutron/γ-ray discrimination based on the property and thickness controls of scintillators using Li glass and LiCAF (Ce) in a γ-ray field Kaburagi, Masaaki; Shimazoe, Kenji; Terasaka, Yuta Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 1046 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.167636	journal	January 2023
Sub-millimeter resolution SiPM-based neutron anger camera Loyd, M.; Khaplanov, A.; Sedov, V. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 1058 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168871	journal	January 2024
Measurements of gamma-ray background spectra at spallation neutron source beamlines Miceli, A.; Festa, G.; Senesi, R. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., Vol. 29, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4JA00183D	journal	August 2014
Scintillation Camera Anger, Hal O. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 29, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1715998	journal	January 1958
Improved neutron-gamma discrimination for a 6 Li-glass neutron detector using digital signal analysis methods Wang, C. L.; Riedel, R. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4939821	journal	January 2016
A suite-level review of the neutron single-crystal diffraction instruments at Oak Ridge National Laboratory Coates, L.; Cao, H. B.; Chakoumakos, B. C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5030896	journal	September 2018
PIONEER, a high-resolution single-crystal polarized neutron diffractometer Liu, Yaohua; Cao, Huibo; Rosenkranz, Stephan Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 93, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0089524	journal	July 2022
CENTAUR—The small- and wide-angle neutron scattering diffractometer/spectrometer for the Second Target Station of the Spallation Neutron Source Qian, Shuo; Heller, William; Chen, Wei-Ren Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 93, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0090527	journal	July 2022
A new method for the correction of gamma camera nonuniformity due to spatial distortion Johnson, Timothy K.; Nelson, Charles; Kirch, Dennis L. Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 41, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/41/10/023	journal	October 1996
SiPM-based neutron Anger camera with auto-calibration capabilities Morozov, A.; Marcos, J.; Margato, L. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 14, Issue 03 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/14/03/P03016	journal	March 2019
Neutron/gamma pulse discrimination analysis of GS10 lithium glass and EJ-204 plastic scintillators Hamrashdi, H. Al; Monk, S. D.; Cheneler, D. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 15, Issue 01 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/01/P01031	journal	January 2020
The macromolecular neutron diffractometer (MaNDi) at the Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge: enhanced optics design, high-resolution neutron detectors and simulated diffraction Coates, L.; Stoica, A. D.; Hoffmann, C. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 43, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889810008587	journal	April 2010
The IMAGINE instrument: first neutron protein structure and new capabilities for neutron macromolecular crystallography Meilleur, Flora; Munshi, Parthapratim; Robertson, Lee Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, Vol. 69, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0907444913019604	journal	September 2013
Integration of neutron time-of-flight single-crystal Bragg peaks in reciprocal space Schultz, Arthur J.; Jørgensen, Mads Ry Vogel; Wang, Xiaoping Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 47, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576714006372	journal	May 2014
A new two-dimensional scintillation detector system for small-angle neutron scattering experiments Kemmerling, G.; Engels, R.; Bussmann, N. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 48, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/23.958733	journal	January 2001
Geant4 developments and applications Allison, J.; Amako, K.; Apostolakis, J. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 53, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2006.869826	journal	February 2006
DEMAND, a Dimensional Extreme Magnetic Neutron Diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor Cao, Huibo; Chakoumakos, Bryan; Andrews, Katie Crystals, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9010005	journal	December 2018

Similar Records

Sub-millimeter resolution SiPM-based neutron anger camera

Journal Article · Thu Nov 02 20:00:00 EDT 2023 · Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment · OSTI ID:2217717

Front-End Design for SiPM-Based Monolithic Neutron Double Scatter Imagers

Journal Article · Fri May 06 20:00:00 EDT 2022 · Sensors · OSTI ID:1877164

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Gamma discrimination
Neutron detection
Scintillator
SiPM

Optimizing the spatial resolution and gamma discrimination of SiPM-based Anger cameras

Citation Formats

References (30)

Similar Records

Related Subjects