Thermal relaxation of strain and twist in ferroelectric hexagonal boron nitride moiré interfaces

Hocking, Marisa; Henzinger, Christina E.; Tran, Steven J.; Pendharkar, Mihir; Bittner, Nathan J.; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Goldhaber-Gordon, David; Mannix, Andrew J.

doi:10.1063/5.0210112

Thermal relaxation of strain and twist in ferroelectric hexagonal boron nitride moiré interfaces

Journal Article · Thu Jul 11 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0210112· OSTI ID:2440962

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Bittner, Nathan J. ^[5]; ^[6]; ^[6]; ^[3]; ^[4]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES); SLAC
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science (SIMES)
Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)

New properties can arise at van der Waals (vdW) interfaces hosting a moiré pattern generated by interlayer twist and strain. However, achieving precise control of interlayer twist/strain remains an ongoing challenge in vdW heterostructure assembly, and even subtle variation in these structural parameters can create significant changes in the moiré period and emergent properties. Characterizing the rate of interlayer twist/strain relaxation during thermal annealing is critical to establish a thermal budget for vdW heterostructure construction and may provide a route to improve the homogeneity of the interface or to control its final state. Here, we characterize the spatial and temporal dependence of interfacial twist and strain relaxation in marginally-twisted hBN/hBN interfaces heated under conditions relevant to vdW heterostructure assembly and typical sample annealing. We find that the ferroelectric hBN/hBN moiré at very small twist angles (θ ≤ 0.1°) relaxes minimally during annealing in air at typical assembly temperatures of 170°C. However, at 400°C, twist angle relaxes significantly, accompanied by a decrease in spatial uniformity. Uniaxial heterostrain initially increases and then decreases over time, becoming increasingly non-uniform in direction. Structural irregularities such as step edges, contamination bubbles, or contact with the underlying substrate result in local inhomogeneity in the rate of relaxation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; SC0021984

OSTI ID:: 2440962

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Applied Physics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 136; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Thermal relaxation of strain and twist in ferroelectric hexagonal boron nitride moiré interfaces

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