Deterministic fabrication of graphene hexagonal boron nitride moiré superlattices

Kamat, Rupini V.; Sharpe, Aaron L.; Pendharkar, Mihir; Hu, Jenny; Tran, Steven J.; Zaborski, Jr., Gregory; Hocking, Marisa; Finney, Joe; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Kastner, Marc A.; Mannix, Andrew J.; Heinz, Tony; Goldhaber-Gordon, David

doi:10.1073/pnas.2410993121

Deterministic fabrication of graphene hexagonal boron nitride moiré superlattices

Journal Article · Fri Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2410993121· OSTI ID:2583392

^[1]; Sharpe, Aaron L. ^[1]; ^[2]; Hu, Jenny ^[3]; Tran, Steven J. ^[1]; Zaborski, Jr., Gregory ^[3]; Hocking, Marisa ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[4]; ^[4]; ^[5]; Mannix, Andrew J. ^[2]; ^[1]; Goldhaber-Gordon, David ^[1]

Stanford University, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford University, CA (United States)
Stanford University, CA (United States)
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba (Japan)
Stanford University, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

The electronic properties of moiré heterostructures depend sensitively on the relative orientation between layers of the stack. For example, near-magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) commonly shows superconductivity, yet a TBG sample with one of the graphene layers rotationally aligned to a hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) cladding layer provided experimental observation of orbital ferromagnetism. To create samples with aligned graphene/hBN, researchers often align edges of exfoliated flakes that appear straight in optical micrographs. However, graphene or hBN can cleave along either zig-zag or armchair lattice directions, introducing a 30° ambiguity in the relative orientation of two flakes. By characterizing the crystal lattice orientation of exfoliated flakes prior to stacking using Raman and second-harmonic generation for graphene and hBN, respectively, we unambiguously align monolayer graphene to hBN at a near-0°, not 30°, relative twist angle. We confirm this alignment by torsional force microscopy of the graphene/hBN moiré on an open-face stack, and then by cryogenic transport measurements, after full encapsulation with a second, nonaligned hBN layer. This work demonstrates a key step toward systematically exploring the effects of the relative twist angle between dissimilar materials within moiré heterostructures.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE); National Science Foundation (NSF); Japan Society for the Proportion of Science KAKENHI

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 2583392

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 40 Vol. 121; ISSN 1091-6490; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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