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Storage and persistence of organic carbon in the upper three meters of soil under arable and native prairie land use

Journal Article · · Plant and Soil
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [1];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Davis, CA (United States). California Climate Hub
  3. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  4. Nutrien, Kerman, CA (United States)
Aims: Land use change from native grasslands to arable lands globally impacts soil ecosystem functions, including the storage of soil organic carbon (SOC). Understanding the factors affecting SOC changes in topsoil and subsoil due to land use is crucial for effective mitigation strategies. We determined SOC storage and persistence as affected by land use change from native prairies to arable lands. Methods: Here we examined SOC stocks, soil δ13C and Δ14C signatures, microbial communities (bacteria and fungi), and soil mineral characteristics under native prairies and long-term arable lands (i.e., > 40 years) down to 3 m in the U.S. Midwest. Results: Native prairie soils had higher SOC stocks in the A horizon and 0–50 cm depth increment than arable soils. For both land use types, the δ13C and Δ14C values significantly decreased with depth, with the latter pointing towards highly stabilized SOC, especially in the B- and C-horizons. Analysis of the microbial communities indicated that the diversity of bacteria and fungi decreased with increasing soil depth. The content of oxalate soluble Al appeared to be the single most important predictor of SOC across horizons and land use types. Conclusion: Our data suggest that most SOC gains and losses and transformation and translocation processes seem to be restricted to the uppermost 50 cm. Increasing SOC retention in the A and B horizons within the 0–50 cm depth would enhance organic material serving as substrate and nutrients for microbes and plants (A horizon) and facilitate long-term SOC storage in the subsoil (B horizon).
Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344
OSTI ID:
2438170
Report Number(s):
LLNL--JRNL-850747; 1077007
Journal Information:
Plant and Soil, Journal Name: Plant and Soil Journal Issue: 1-2 Vol. 509; ISSN 0032-079X
Publisher:
Springer NatureCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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