Effects of stratification on overshooting and waves atop the convective core of M⊙ main-sequence stars

Morison, A.; Le Saux, A.; Baraffe, I.; Morton, J.; Guillet, T.; Vlaykov, D. G.; Goffrey, T.; Pratt, J.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1678

Effects of stratification on overshooting and waves atop the convective core of M_⊙ main-sequence stars

Journal Article · Tue Jul 09 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1678· OSTI ID:2427465

^[1]; ^[2]; Baraffe, I. ^[3]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Goffrey, T. ^[4]; Pratt, J. ^[5]

Univ. of Exeter, Devon (United Kingdom)
Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris (France). Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (IPSL)
Univ. of Exeter, Devon (United Kingdom); Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (France). Le Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL) (UMR 5574)
Univ. of Warwick, Coventry (United Kingdom); Univ. of Birmingham (United Kingdom)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

As a massive star evolves along the main sequence, its core contracts, leaving behind a stable stratification in helium. We simulate two-dimensional convection in the core at three different stages of evolution of a $$5\,\mathrm{ M}_{\odot }$$ star, with three different stratifications in helium atop the core. We study the propagation of internal gravity waves in the stably stratified envelope, along with the overshooting length of convective plumes above the convective boundary. We find that the stratification in helium in evolved stars hinders radial motions and effectively shields the radiative envelope against plume penetration. This prevents convective overshooting from being an efficient mixing process in the radiative envelope. In addition, internal gravity waves are less excited in evolved models compared to the zero-age-main-sequence model, and are also more damped in the stratified region above the core. As a result, the wave power is several orders of magnitude lower in mid- and terminal-main-sequence models compared to zero-age-main-sequence stars.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: European Research Council (ERC); UK Research and Innovation (UKRI); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2427465

Report Number(s):: LLNL--JRNL-859808; 1090951

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 532; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
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Effects of stratification on overshooting and waves atop the convective core of M_⊙ main-sequence stars