Stress Drivers of Glucose Dynamics during Ozone Exposure Measured Using Radiotelemetry in Rats

Henriquez, Andres R.; Snow, Samantha J.; Jackson, Thomas W.; House, John S.; Motsinger-Reif, Alison A.; Ward-Caviness, Cavin K.; Schladweiler, Mette C.; Alewel, Devin I.; Miller, Colette N.; Farraj, Aimen K.; Hazari, Mehdi S.; Grindstaff, Rachel; Diaz-Sanchez, David; Ghio, Andrew J.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.

doi:10.1289/ehp11088

Stress Drivers of Glucose Dynamics during Ozone Exposure Measured Using Radiotelemetry in Rats

Journal Article · Wed Dec 21 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Environmental Health Perspectives

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp11088· OSTI ID:2425808

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; House, John S. ^[4]; Motsinger-Reif, Alison A. ^[4]; Ward-Caviness, Cavin K. ^[5]; Schladweiler, Mette C. ^[5]; Alewel, Devin I. ^[3]; Miller, Colette N. ^[5]; Farraj, Aimen K. ^[5]; Hazari, Mehdi S. ^[5]; Grindstaff, Rachel ^[5]; Diaz-Sanchez, David ^[5]; Ghio, Andrew J. ^[5]; ^[5]

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Research Triangle Park, NC (United States); Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Ottawa, ON (Canada)
U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States); ICF International Inc., Durham, NC (United States)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)

Inhaled irritant air pollutants may trigger stress-related metabolic dysfunction associated with altered circulating adrenal-derived hormones. We used implantable telemetry in rats to assess real-time changes in circulating glucose during and after exposure to ozone and mechanistically linked responses to neuroendocrine stress hormones. First, using a cross-over design, we monitored glucose during ozone exposures (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 ppm) and nonexposure periods in male Wistar Kyoto rats implanted with glucose telemeters. A second cohort of unimplanted rats was exposed to ozone (0.0, 0.4 or 0.8 ppm) for 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, or 4 h with hormones measured immediately post exposure. We assessed glucose metabolism in sham and adrenalectomized rats, with or without supplementation of adrenergic/glucocorticoid receptor agonists, and in a separate cohort, antagonists. Ozone (0.8 ppm) was associated with significantly higher blood glucose and lower core body temperature beginning 90 min into exposure, with reversal of effects 4–6 h post exposure. Glucose monitoring during four daily 4-h ozone exposures revealed duration of glucose increases, adaptation, and diurnal variations. Ozone-induced glucose changes were preceded by higher levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, corticosterone, and epinephrine but lower levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and luteinizing hormones. Higher glucose and glucose intolerance were inhibited in rats that were adrenalectomized or treated with adrenergic plus glucocorticoid receptor antagonists but exacerbated by agonists. We demonstrated the temporality of neuroendocrine-stress–mediated biological sequalae responsible for ozone-induced glucose metabolic dysfunction and mechanism in a rodent model.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0014664

OSTI ID:: 2425808

Journal Information:: Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Name: Environmental Health Perspectives Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 130; ISSN 0091-6765

Publisher:: National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (65)

Sex differences in neuroadaptation to alcohol and withdrawal neurotoxicity Sharrett-Field, Lynda; Butler, Tracy R.; Reynolds, Anna R. Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, Vol. 465, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-013-1266-4	journal	April 2013
Adrenaline induces mitochondrial biogenesis in rat liver Napolitano, Gaetana; Barone, Daniela; Di Meo, Sergio Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Vol. 50, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-017-9736-6	journal	December 2017
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer’s Disease: Overlapping Biologic Mechanisms and Environmental Risk Factors Paul, Kimberly C.; Jerrett, Michael; Ritz, Beate Current Environmental Health Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-018-0176-1	journal	February 2018
Effect of short-term ozone exposure on exogenous thyroxine levels in thyroidectomized and hypophysectomized rats Clemons, Gisela K.; Wei, Davie Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 74, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(84)90273-4	journal	June 1984
Pollution and health: a progress update Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J.; Balakrishnan, Kalpana The Lancet Planetary Health, Vol. 6, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00090-0	journal	June 2022
Wearable sensor-based evaluation of psychosocial stress in patients with metabolic syndrome Patlar Akbulut, Fatma; Ikitimur, Baris; Akan, Aydin Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Vol. 104 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2020.101824	journal	April 2020
Possible role of adrenoceptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in corticotropin-releasing factor-induced sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow in rats Okada, Shoshiro; Yamaguchi, Naoko Autonomic Neuroscience, Vol. 203 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2017.01.008	journal	March 2017
Glucocorticoid antagonists in neuropsychotic disorders Schatzberg, Alan F.; Lindley, Steven European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 583, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.01.001	journal	April 2008
Emerging role of amyloid beta in stress response: Implication for depression and diabetes Morgese, Maria Grazia; Schiavone, Stefania; Trabace, Luigia European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 817 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.08.031	journal	December 2017
Recent versus chronic exposure to particulate matter air pollution in association with neurobehavioral performance in a panel study of primary schoolchildren Saenen, Nelly D.; Provost, Eline B.; Viaene, Mineke K. Environment International, Vol. 95 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.07.014	journal	October 2016
Changes in ozone photochemical regime in Fresno, California from 1994 to 2018 deduced from changes in the weekend effect de Foy, Benjamin; Brune, William H.; Schauer, James J. Environmental Pollution, Vol. 263 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114380	journal	August 2020
Pollution, Poverty, and Potentially Preventable Childhood Morbidity in Central California Lessard, Lauren N.; Alcala, Emanuel; Capitman, John A. The Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 168 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.08.007	journal	January 2016
Investigation of Cortisol Dynamics in Human Sweat Using a Graphene-Based Wireless mHealth System Torrente-Rodríguez, Rebeca M.; Tu, Jiaobing; Yang, Yiran Matter, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2020.01.021	journal	April 2020
Chronic stress and brain plasticity: Mechanisms underlying adaptive and maladaptive changes and implications for stress-related CNS disorders Radley, Jason; Morilak, David; Viau, Victor Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 58 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.06.018	journal	November 2015
Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to acute psychosocial stress: Effects of biological sex and circulating sex hormones Stephens, Mary Ann C.; Mahon, Pamela B.; McCaul, Mary E. Psychoneuroendocrinology, Vol. 66 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.12.021	journal	April 2016
Blunted basal corticosterone pulsatility predicts post-exposure susceptibility to PTSD phenotype in rats Danan, Dor; Matar, Michael A.; Kaplan, Zeev Psychoneuroendocrinology, Vol. 87 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.09.023	journal	January 2018
The neuroendocrinology of stress: Glucocorticoid signaling mechanisms Herman, James P. Psychoneuroendocrinology, Vol. 137 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105641	journal	March 2022
Daily propranolol prevents prolonged mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells in a rat model of lung contusion, hemorrhagic shock, and chronic stress Bible, Letitia E.; Pasupuleti, Latha V.; Gore, Amy V. Surgery, Vol. 158, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2015.06.031	journal	September 2015
Early treatment of chlorine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation with corticosteroids Jonasson, Sofia; Wigenstam, Elisabeth; Koch, Bo Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 271, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.04.037	journal	September 2013
Ozone induces glucose intolerance and systemic metabolic effects in young and aged brown Norway rats Bass, V.; Gordon, C. J.; Jarema, K. A. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 273, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.029	journal	December 2013
Inhaled ozone (O3)-induces changes in serum metabolomic and liver transcriptomic profiles in rats Miller, Desinia B.; Karoly, Edward D.; Jones, Jan C. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 286, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.025	journal	July 2015
Systemic metabolic derangement, pulmonary effects, and insulin insufficiency following subchronic ozone exposure in rats Miller, Desinia B.; Snow, Samantha J.; Henriquez, Andres Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 306 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.027	journal	September 2016
Adrenal-derived stress hormones modulate ozone-induced lung injury and inflammation Henriquez, Andres; House, John; Miller, Desinia B. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 329 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2017.06.009	journal	August 2017
Adrenergic and glucocorticoid receptor antagonists reduce ozone-induced lung injury and inflammation Henriquez, Andres R.; Snow, Samantha J.; Schladweiler, Mette C. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 339 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2017.12.006	journal	January 2018
Peripheral metabolic effects of ozone exposure in healthy and diabetic rats on normal or high-cholesterol diet Snow, Samantha J.; Henriquez, Andres R.; Fisher, Anna Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 415 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2021.115427	journal	March 2021
The contribution of the neuroendocrine system to adaption after repeated daily ozone exposure in rats Henriquez, Andres R.; Snow, Samantha J.; Dye, Janice A. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 447 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2022.116085	journal	July 2022
The dynamicity of acute ozone-induced systemic leukocyte trafficking and adrenal-derived stress hormones Henriquez, Andres R.; Williams, Wanda; Snow, Samantha J. Toxicology, Vol. 458 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2021.152823	journal	June 2021
Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and clinical implications Biessels, Geert Jan; Despa, Florin Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Vol. 14, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-018-0048-7	journal	July 2018
Stress increases putative gonadotropin inhibitory hormone and decreases luteinizing hormone in male rats Kirby, Elizabeth D.; Geraghty, Anna C.; Ubuka, Takayoshi Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901176106	journal	July 2009
The β₂-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol reduces the neuroinflammatory response, neutrophil infiltration and apoptosis following intra-striatal IL-1β administration to rats Griffin, Éadaoin W.; Yssel, Justin D.; O’Neill, Eoin Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, Vol. 40, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/08923973.2017.1418882	journal	January 2018
Sex and strain-based inflammatory response to repeated tobacco smoke exposure in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats Shen, Yi-Hsin; Pham, Alexa K.; Davis, Benjamin Inhalation Toxicology, Vol. 28, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1080/08958378.2016.1249812	journal	November 2016
Brain mechanisms of HPA axis regulation: neurocircuitry and feedback in context Richard Kvetnansky lecture Herman, James P.; Nawreen, Nawshaba; Smail, Marissa A. Stress, Vol. 23, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2020.1859475	journal	November 2020
The Role of Hepatic Vagal Tone in Ozone-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction in the Liver Colonna, Catherine H.; Henriquez, Andres R.; House, John S. Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 181, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfab025	journal	February 2021
Adrenal Stress Hormone Regulation of Hepatic Homeostatic Function After an Acute Ozone Exposure in Wistar-Kyoto Male Rats Jackson, Thomas W.; Henriquez, Andres R.; Snow, Samantha J. Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 189, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfac065	journal	June 2022
Acute Ozone-Induced Pulmonary and Systemic Metabolic Effects Are Diminished in Adrenalectomized Rats Miller, Desinia B.; Snow, Samantha J.; Schladweiler, Mette C. Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 150, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv331	journal	January 2016
Respiratory Effects and Systemic Stress Response Following Acute Acrolein Inhalation in Rats Snow, Samantha J.; McGee, Marie A.; Henriquez, Andres Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 158, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfx108	journal	May 2017
Beta-2 Adrenergic and Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists Modulate Ozone-Induced Pulmonary Protein Leakage and Inflammation in Healthy and Adrenalectomized Rats Henriquez, Andres R.; Snow, Samantha J.; Schladweiler, Mette C. Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 166, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfy198	journal	August 2018
Ozone-Induced Dysregulation of Neuroendocrine Axes Requires Adrenal-Derived Stress Hormones Henriquez, Andres R.; House, John S.; Snow, Samantha J. Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 172, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfz182	journal	August 2019
Acute effects of laboratory stress on blood glucose in noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Goetsch, V. L.; VanDorsten, B.; Pbert, L. A. Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol. 55, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199311000-00004	journal	November 1993
Acute Air Pollution Exposure and the Risk of Violent Behavior in the United States Berman, Jesse D.; Burkhardt, Jesse; Bayham, Jude Epidemiology, Vol. 30, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000001085	journal	November 2019
Air pollution and mental health: associations, mechanisms and methods King, Jacob D.; Zhang, Shuo; Cohen, Alex Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Vol. 35, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000771	journal	December 2021
The efficacy of caudal morphine or bupivacaine combined with general anesthesia on postoperative pain and neuroendocrine stress response in children Teyin, Erkan; Derbent, Abdurrahim; Balcioglu, Taner Pediatric Anesthesia, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2005.01711.x	journal	November 2005
Effect of psychological stress on glucose control in patients with Type 2 diabetes Faulenbach, M.; Uthoff, H.; Schwegler, K. Diabetic Medicine, Vol. 29, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03431.x	journal	December 2011
Ozone inhalation activates stress-responsive regions of the CNS: Fos CNS mapping following ozone inhalation Gackière, Florian; Saliba, Layal; Baude, Agnès Journal of Neurochemistry, Vol. 117, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07267.x	journal	May 2011
Interactions between the central nervous system and pancreatic islet secretions: a historical perspective Begg, Denovan P.; Woods, Stephen C. Advances in Physiology Education, Vol. 37, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00167.2012	journal	March 2013
Interaction between growth hormone and insulin in the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism in the rat Frick, Fredrik; Lindén, Daniel; Améen, Caroline American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 283, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00260.2002	journal	November 2002
Analysis of the Relationship between Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review Camargo Maluf, Fauze; Feder, David; Alves de Siqueira Carvalho, Alzira Parkinson's Disease, Vol. 2019 https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4951379	journal	November 2019
Ozone Exposure Increases Circulating Stress Hormones and Lipid Metabolites in Humans Miller, Desinia B.; Ghio, Andrew J.; Karoly, Edward D. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 193, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201508-1599OC	journal	June 2016
Susceptibility Variations in Air Pollution Health Effects: Incorporating Neuroendocrine Activation Kodavanti, Urmila P. Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 47, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623319878402	journal	October 2019
Fully Implantable Arterial Blood Glucose Device for Metabolic Research Applications in Rats for Two Months Brockway, Robert; Tiesma, Scott; Bogie, Heather Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296815586424	journal	May 2015
Ambient air pollutants are associated with morning serum cortisol in overweight and obese Latino youth in Los Angeles Toledo-Corral, C. M.; Alderete, T. L.; Herting, M. M. Environmental Health, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00713-2	journal	April 2021
Diesel exhaust impairs TREM2 to dysregulate neuroinflammation Greve, Hendrik J.; Mumaw, Christen L.; Messenger, Evan J. Journal of Neuroinflammation, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-020-02017-7	journal	November 2020
Complications of Diabetes and Metrics of Glycemic Management Derived From Continuous Glucose Monitoring Yapanis, Michael; James, Steven; Craig, Maria E. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol. 107, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac034	journal	January 2022
Air Pollution (Particulate Matter) Exposure and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar, Psychosis and Suicide Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Braithwaite, Isobel; Zhang, Shuo; Kirkbride, James B. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 127, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4595	journal	December 2019
PM2.5 and Serum Metabolome and Insulin Resistance, Potential Mediation by the Gut Microbiome: A Population-Based Panel Study of Older Adults in China Zhao, Liang; Fang, Jianlong; Tang, Song Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 130, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9688	journal	February 2022
Environmental Health Disparities: A Framework Integrating Psychosocial and Environmental Concepts Gee, Gilbert C.; Payne-Sturges, Devon C. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 112, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7074	journal	December 2004
Oxidants, antioxidants, and respiratory tract lining fluids. Cross, C. E.; van der Vliet, A.; O'Neill, C. A. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 102, Issue suppl 10 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.94102s10185	journal	December 1994
Revisiting the Stress Concept: Implications for Affective Disorders McEwen, Bruce S.; Akil, Huda The Journal of Neuroscience, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0733-19.2019	journal	January 2020
60 YEARS OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: TRH, the first hypophysiotropic releasing hormone isolated: control of the pituitary–thyroid axis Joseph-Bravo, Patricia; Jaimes-Hoy, Lorraine; Uribe, Rosa-María Journal of Endocrinology, Vol. 226, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-15-0124	journal	August 2015
From the Outside In: Biological Mechanisms Linking Social and Environmental Exposures to Chronic Disease and to Health Disparities Bagby, Susan P.; Martin, Damali; Chung, Stephanie T. American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 109, Issue S1 https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304864	journal	January 2019
“More than skin deep”: stress neurobiology and mental health consequences of racial discrimination Berger, Maximus; Sarnyai, Zoltán Stress, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2014.989204	journal	December 2014
Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming Chatzitomaris, Apostolos; Hoermann, Rudolf; Midgley, John E. Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00163	journal	July 2017
Voluntary Exercise-Induced Activation of Thyroid Axis and Reduction of White Fat Depots Is Attenuated by Chronic Stress in a Sex Dimorphic Pattern in Adult Rats Parra-Montes de Oca, Marco Antonio; Gutiérrez-Mariscal, Mariana; Salmerón-Jiménez, Ma Félix Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00418	journal	June 2019
Leptin and Obesity: Role and Clinical Implication Obradovic, Milan; Sudar-Milovanovic, Emina; Soskic, Sanja Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol. 12 https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.585887	journal	May 2021
Multi-Loop Model of Alzheimer Disease: An Integrated Perspective on the Wnt/GSK3β, α-Synuclein, and Type 3 Diabetes Hypotheses Norwitz, Nicholas G.; Mota, Adrian Soto; Norwitz, Sam G. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Vol. 11 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00184	journal	July 2019

Similar Records

A hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programmed alteration in offspring rats of IUGR induced by prenatal caffeine ingestion

Journal Article · Thu Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2012 · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · OSTI ID:22215960

Adrenal Stress Hormone Regulation of Hepatic Homeostatic Function After an Acute Ozone Exposure in Wistar-Kyoto Male Rats

Journal Article · Thu Jun 23 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Toxicological Sciences · OSTI ID:1982725

The contribution of the neuroendocrine system to adaption after repeated daily ozone exposure in rats

Journal Article · Sun May 22 20:00:00 EDT 2022 · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · OSTI ID:1981774

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
Public
Environmental & Occupational Health
Toxicology

Stress Drivers of Glucose Dynamics during Ozone Exposure Measured Using Radiotelemetry in Rats

Citation Formats

References (65)

Similar Records

Related Subjects