Two-dimensional materials for bio-realistic neuronal computing networks

Sangwan, Vinod K.; Liu, Stephanie E.; Trivedi, Amit R.; Hersam, Mark C.

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2022.10.017

Two-dimensional materials for bio-realistic neuronal computing networks

Journal Article · Thu Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Matter (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2022.10.017· OSTI ID:2424316

Sangwan, Vinod K. ^[1]; Liu, Stephanie E. ^[1]; Trivedi, Amit R. ^[2]; ^[1]

Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials have found broad utility in a diverse range of applications including electronics, optoelectronics, renewable energy, and quantum information technologies. Meanwhile, exponentially growing digital data coupled with the ubiquity of artificial intelligence algorithms have generated significant interest in edge neuromorphic computing as an alternative to centralized cloud computing. The drive to incorporate neuroscience principles into computing hardware is motivated by the low power consumption, parallel processing, and reconfigurability of the human brain. The diverse library of 2D materials with atomic-level thicknesses, exceptional electrostatic tunability, and integration versatility is particularly well-suited for realizing bio-realistic synaptic and neuronal functionality. Here, we summarize past and present work in this field and outline the frontier challenges that have not yet been overcome. Here we also delineate potential solutions and suggest that the neuroscience principles of criticality and synchrony have the potential to inspire breakthrough applications of 2D materials in neuronal computing networks.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2424316

Journal Information:: Matter (Online), Journal Name: Matter (Online) Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 5; ISSN 2590-2385

Publisher:: Cell Press/ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
artificial intelligence
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Two-dimensional materials for bio-realistic neuronal computing networks

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