Elastic functional changepoint detection of climate impacts from localized sources

Tucker, J. Derek; Yarger, Drew

doi:10.1002/env.2826

Elastic functional changepoint detection of climate impacts from localized sources

Journal Article · Tue Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · EnvironMetrics (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/env.2826· OSTI ID:2394708

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Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Detecting changepoints in functional data has become an important problem as interest in monitoring of climate phenomenon has increased, where the data is functional in nature. Here, the observed data often contains both amplitude (y-axis) and phase (x-axis) variability. If not accounted for properly, true changepoints may be undetected, and the estimated underlying mean change functions will be incorrect. In this article, an elastic functional changepoint method is developed which properly accounts for these types of variability. The method can detect amplitude and phase changepoints which current methods in the literature do not, as they focus solely on the amplitude changepoint. This method can easily be implemented using the functions directly or can be computed via functional principal component analysis to ease the computational burden. We apply the method and its nonelastic competitors to both simulated data and observed data to show its efficiency in handling data with phase variation with both amplitude and phase changepoints. We use the method to evaluate potential changes in stratospheric temperature due to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines in June 1991. Using an epidemic changepoint model, we find evidence of a increase in stratospheric temperature during a period that contains the immediate aftermath of Mt. Pinatubo, with most detected changepoints occurring in the tropics as expected.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2394708

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2203590

Report Number(s):: SAND--2024-08355J

Journal Information:: EnvironMetrics (London), Journal Name: EnvironMetrics (London) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 35; ISSN 1180-4009

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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