Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures

Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; He, Fei; Yau, David K. Y.; Zhuang, Jun

doi:10.3390/g9030052

Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures

Journal Article · Mon Jul 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Games

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/g9030052· OSTI ID:2371727

; Ma, Chris Y. T.; ; Yau, David K. Y.;

In certain critical infrastructures, correlations between cyber and physical components can be exploited to launch strategic attacks, so that disruptions to one component may affect others and possibly the entire infrastructure. Such correlations must be explicitly taken into account in ensuring the survival of the infrastructure. For large discrete infrastructures characterized by the number of cyber and physical components, we characterize the cyber–physical interactions at two levels: (i) the cyber–physical failure correlation function specifies the conditional survival probability of the cyber sub-infrastructure given that of the physical sub-infrastructure (both specified by their marginal probabilities), and (ii) individual survival probabilities of both sub-infrastructures are characterized by first-order differential conditions expressed in terms of their multiplier functions. We formulate an abstract problem of ensuring the survival probability of a cyber–physical infrastructure with discrete components as a game between the provider and attacker, whose utility functions are composed of infrastructure survival probability terms and cost terms, both expressed in terms of the number of components attacked and reinforced. We derive Nash equilibrium conditions and sensitivity functions that highlight the dependence of infrastructure survival probability on cost terms, correlation functions, multiplier functions, and sub-infrastructure survival probabilities. We apply these analytical results to characterize the defense postures of simplified models of metro systems, cloud computing infrastructures, and smart power grids.

View Journal Article

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2371727

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1468123

Journal Information:: Games, Journal Name: Games Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 9; ISSN GAMEB5; ISSN 2073-4336

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Antigua and Barbuda

Language:: English

References (34)

A bilevel mixed-integer program for critical infrastructure protection planning Scaparra, Maria P.; Church, Richard L. Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 35, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2006.09.019	journal	June 2008
Hybrid defensive resource allocations in the face of partially strategic attackers in a sequential defender–attacker game Shan, Xiaojun; Zhuang, Jun European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 228, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2013.01.029	journal	July 2013
Critical infrastructure protection under imperfect attacker perception Jenelius, Erik; Westin, Jonas; Holmgren, Åke J. International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcip.2009.10.002	journal	May 2010
Modelling ‘contracts’ between a terrorist group and a government in a sequential game He, F.; Zhuang, J. Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 63, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2011.49	journal	June 2012
Strategic defense and attack of series systems when agents move sequentially Hausken, Kjell IIE Transactions, Vol. 43, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1080/0740817X.2010.541178	journal	April 2011
Identifying, understanding, and analyzing critical infrastructure interdependencies Rinaldi, S. M.; Peerenboom, J. P.; Kelly, T. K. IEEE Control Systems, Vol. 21, Issue 6, p. 11-25 https://doi.org/10.1109/37.969131	journal	December 2001
Cyber-physical attacks in power networks: Models, fundamental limitations and monitor design Pasqualetti, Fabio; Dorfler, Florian; Bullo, Francesco 2011 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference (CDC-ECC 2011) https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.2011.6160641	conference	December 2011
Game-theoretic resilience analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems He, Fei; Zhuang, Jun; Rao, Nageswara S. V. 2013 IEEE 1st International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems, Networks, and Applications (CPSNA) https://doi.org/10.1109/CPSNA.2013.6614252	conference	August 2013
Secure Control: Towards Survivable Cyber-Physical Systems Cardenas, Alvaro A.; Amin, Saurabh; Sastry, Shankar 2008 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCS Workshops), 2008 The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.Workshops.2008.40	conference	June 2008
Cyber-Physical Systems in the SmartGrid Karnouskos, Stamatis 2011 9th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN) https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2011.6034829	conference	July 2011
Infrastructure resilience using cyber-physical game-theoretic approach Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Poole, Steve W.; Ma, Chris Y. T. 2013 6th International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems (ISRCS) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISRCS.2013.6623746	conference	August 2013
On robustness of a class of Cyber-Physical Network Infrastructures Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y. 2011 7th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference https://doi.org/10.1109/IWCMC.2011.5982650	conference	July 2011
Cyber–Physical Security of a Smart Grid Infrastructure No authors listed Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 100, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2011.2161428	journal	January 2012
Smart attacks in smart grid communication networks Chen, Pin-Yu; Cheng, Shin-Ming; Chen, Kwang-Cheng IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 50, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2012.6257523	journal	August 2012
Game-theoretic strategies for systems of components using product-form utilities Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; Hausken, Kjell 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI) https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.2016.7849511	conference	September 2016
Defense strategies for asymmetric networked systems under composite utilities Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; Hausken, Kjell 2017 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI) https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.2017.8170351	conference	November 2017
On defense strategies for system of systems using aggregated correlations Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Imam, Neena; Ma, Chris Y. T. 2017 Annual IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon) https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSCON.2017.7934817	conference	April 2017
A Game-Theoretical Scheme in the Smart Grid With Demand-Side Management: Towards a Smart Cyber-Physical Power Infrastructure Bu, Shengrong; Yu, F. Richard IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TETC.2013.2273457	journal	June 2013
Markov Game Analysis for Attack-Defense of Power Networks Under Possible Misinformation Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.; Lou, Xin IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2226480	journal	May 2013
Scalable Solutions of Markov Games for Smart-Grid Infrastructure Protection Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.; Rao, Nageswara S. V. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2012.2223243	journal	March 2013
Cyber-Physical Security Testbeds: Architecture, Application, and Evaluation for Smart Grid Hahn, Adam; Ashok, Aditya; Sridhar, Siddharth IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2012.2226919	journal	June 2013
Robust Allocation of a Defensive Budget Considering an Attacker's Private Information: Robust Allocation of a Defensive Budget Nikoofal, Mohammad E.; Zhuang, Jun Risk Analysis, Vol. 32, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01702.x	journal	November 2011
Cost of Equity in Homeland Security Resource Allocation in the Face of a Strategic Attacker: Cost of Equity in Homeland Security Resource Allocation Shan, Xiaojun; Zhuang, Jun Risk Analysis, Vol. 33, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01919.x	journal	December 2012
Defense of Cyber Infrastructures Against Cyber-Physical Attacks Using Game-Theoretic Models: Defense of Cyber Infrastructures Against Cyber-Physical Attacks Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Poole, Stephen W.; Ma, Chris Y. T. Risk Analysis, Vol. 36, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12362	journal	February 2015
Game theory for cyber security Shiva, Sajjan; Roy, Sankardas; Dasgupta, Dipankar Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research https://doi.org/10.1145/1852666.1852704	conference	April 2010
Game theory meets network security and privacy Manshaei, Mohammad Hossein; Zhu, Quanyan; Alpcan, Tansu ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1145/2480741.2480742	journal	June 2013
Defense Strategies for Multi-Site Cloud Computing Server Infrastructures Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; He, Fei ICDCN '18: 19th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking https://doi.org/10.1145/3154273.3154344	conference	January 2018
Terrorism & Game Theory Sandler, Todd; M., Daniel G. Arce Simulation & Gaming, Vol. 34, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/1046878103255492	journal	September 2003
Game-theoretic strategies for asymmetric networked systems Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; Hausken, Kjell 2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion) https://doi.org/10.23919/ICIF.2017.8009874	conference	July 2017
On Defense Strategies for Recursive System of Systems Using Aggregated Correlations Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Ma, Chris Y. T.; He, Fei 2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) https://doi.org/10.23919/ICIF.2018.8455421	conference	July 2018
Review of Systems Defense and Attack Models Kjell Hausken, Gregory Levitin International Journal of Performability Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.23940/ijpe.12.4.p355.mag	journal	January 2012
An Integrated Cyber Security Risk Management Approach for a Cyber-Physical System Kure, Halima; Islam, Shareeful; Razzaque, Mohammad Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/app8060898	journal	May 2018
Defense Strategies for Asymmetric Networked Systems with Discrete Components Rao, Nageswara; Ma, Chris; Hausken, Kjell Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051421	journal	May 2018
Technology Adoption, Accumulation, and Competition in Multiperiod Attacker-Defender Games Jose, Victor Richmond R.; Zhuang, Jun Military Operations Research, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5711/1082598318233	journal	September 2013

Similar Records

Cyber-Physical Correlations for Infrastructure Resilience: A Game-Theoretic Approach

Conference · Tue Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2013 · OSTI ID:1163595

Game-Theoretic Strategies for Cyber-Physical Infrastructures Under Component Disruptions

Journal Article · Mon Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · IEEE Transactions on Reliability · OSTI ID:1891423

Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures

Citation Formats

References (34)

Similar Records

Related Subjects