Effects of Trigger Method on Fire Propagation during the Thermal Runaway Process in Li-ion Batteries

Mallarapu, Anudeep; Sunderlin, Nathaniel; Boovaragavan, Vijayasekaran; Tamashiro, Matthew; Peabody, Christina; Pelloux-gervais, Thibault; Li, Xin X.; Sizikov, Gregory

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ad3aae

Effects of Trigger Method on Fire Propagation during the Thermal Runaway Process in Li-ion Batteries

Journal Article · Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ad3aae· OSTI ID:2345175

^[1]; Sunderlin, Nathaniel ^[1]; Boovaragavan, Vijayasekaran ^[2]; Tamashiro, Matthew ^[2]; Peabody, Christina ^[2]; Pelloux-gervais, Thibault ^[2]; Li, Xin X. ^[2]; Sizikov, Gregory ^[2]

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). Center for Energy Conversion & Storage Systems
Google LLC, Mountain View, CA (United States)

Lithium-ion batteries are prone to fire hazards due to the possibility of thermal runaway propagation. During battery product development and subsequent safety tests for design validation and safety certification, the thermal runaway onset is triggered by various test methods such as nail penetration, thermal ramp, or external short circuit. This failure initiation method affects the amount of heat contributions and the composition of gas generations. This study compares two such trigger methods, external heating and using a thermally-activated internal short circuit device (ISCD). The effects of the trigger method on total heat generation are experimentally investigated within 18650 cylindrical cells at single cell level as well as at multiple cell configuration level. The severity of failure was observed to be worse for cells with ISCDs at single cell level, whereas quite the opposite results were observed at multiple cell configuration level. A preliminary numerical analysis was performed to better understand the battery safety performance with respect to thermal runaway trigger methods and heat transfer conditions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2345175

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5700-88514; MainId:89293; UUID:80e2c069-a53d-4762-9d6f-ded9141ebc57; MainAdminId:72514

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 171; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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