Parasitic Modulation of Microwave Signals by a Hypersonic Plasma Layer

Roberds, Nicholas Alan; Young, Matthew William; Miller, Nathan E.; Logemann, Caleb; Statom, Tony K.; Wagnild, Ross Martin

doi:10.1109/tps.2024.3370112

Parasitic Modulation of Microwave Signals by a Hypersonic Plasma Layer

Journal Article · Tue Mar 05 23:00:00 EST 2024 · IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tps.2024.3370112· OSTI ID:2329572

^[1]; Young, Matthew William ^[1]; Miller, Nathan E. ^[1]; Logemann, Caleb ^[1]; ^[1]; Wagnild, Ross Martin ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

During hypersonic flight, compressional and viscous heating of the air can form a plasma layer which encases the aircraft. If the boundary layer becomes turbulent, then the electron density fluctuations can effect a parasitic modulation in microwave signals transmitted through the plasma. We developed an approach for studying the interaction of microwave signals with a turbulent, hypersonic plasma layer. The approach affords a great deal of flexibility in both the plasma layer model and the antenna configuration. We then analyzed a situation in which microwaves, transmitted from a rectangular aperture antenna, propagate through a turbulent plasma layer to a distant receiver. We characterized the first-and second-order statistics of the computed parasitic modulation and quantified the depolarization of the signal. The amplitude fluctuations are lognormally distributed at low frequencies and Rice-distributed at high frequencies. Fluctuations in the copolarized phase and amplitude of the far-field signal are strongly anticorrelated. Here, we used a multioutput Gaussian process (MOGP) to model these quantities. The efficacy of the MOGP model is demonstrated by recovering the time evolution of the copolarized phase given the copolarized amplitude and occasional measurements of the phase.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2329572

Report Number(s):: SAND--2024-03658J

Journal Information:: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 52; ISSN 0093-3813

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Parasitic Modulation of Microwave Signals by a Hypersonic Plasma Layer

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