Advancements in conventional and 3D printed feed spacers in membrane modules

Qian, Xin; Anvari, Arezou; Hoek, Eric M.V.; McCutcheon, Jeffrey R.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2023.116518

Title: Advancements in conventional and 3D printed feed spacers in membrane modules

Journal Article · Mon Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Desalination

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2023.116518· OSTI ID:2326180

Qian, Xin ^[1]; Anvari, Arezou ^[2]; Hoek, Eric M.V. ^[3]; McCutcheon, Jeffrey R. ^[1]

Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Plate & frame and spiral-wound modules are used for gas separation, pervaporation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, electro-dialysis, electro-deionization, membrane distillation and forward osmosis membrane processes. Feed channel spacers are an integral part of both module types – providing mechanical support for a cross-flow channel through the module and, in most cases, promoting mixing to enhance mass transfer to reduce concentration polarization and fouling. However, enhanced mass transfer comes at a cost of increased hydraulic pressure losses and stagnant zones wherever a spacer filament touches a membrane surface. Further, these stagnant zones exacerbate membrane fouling and make cleaning more difficult. Efforts to improve feed spacer performance largely focus on adjusting the chemistry or geometry of the spacer to mitigate these challenges. Additive manufacturing (i.e. 3D printing) offers new degrees of freedom in feed spacer design and production, which opens up a new area of research in membrane technology. This review critically assesses the peer-reviewed literature on conventional net- or mesh-style feed spacers in addition to various novel spacer geometries and chemistries produced via 3D printing. We further review and evaluate conventional spacer manufacturing methods and discuss advantages and disadvantages of 3D printed spacers.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; 2001544; FOA-0001905

OSTI ID:: 2326180

Journal Information:: Desalination, Vol. 556; ISSN 0011-9164

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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He, Jinlong; Yue, Tianle; McCutcheon, Jeffrey R.; +1 more

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42 ENGINEERING
Spiral-wound
Plate-and-frame
Feed spacer
Fouling
Scaling
Pressure drop
3D printing

Title: Advancements in conventional and 3D printed feed spacers in membrane modules

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