Many-Body Physics in the NISQ Era: Quantum Programming a Discrete Time Crystal

Ippoliti, Matteo; Kechedzhi, Kostyantyn; Moessner, Roderich; Sondhi, S. L.; Khemani, Vedika

doi:10.1103/prxquantum.2.030346

Many-Body Physics in the NISQ Era: Quantum Programming a Discrete Time Crystal

Journal Article · Mon Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · PRX Quantum

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.2.030346· OSTI ID:2322479

^[1]; Kechedzhi, Kostyantyn ^[2]; Moessner, Roderich ^[3]; Sondhi, S. L. ^[4]; Khemani, Vedika ^[5]

Stanford University, CA (United States); Stanford University
Google Research, Venice, CA (United States)
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Dresden (Germany)
Princeton University, NJ (United States)
Stanford University, CA (United States)

Recent progress in the realm of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices represents an exciting opportunity for many-body physics by introducing new laboratory platforms with unprecedented control and measurement capabilities. We explore the implications of NISQ platforms for many-body physics in a practical sense: we ask which physical phenomena, in the domain of quantum statistical mechanics, they may realize more readily than traditional experimental platforms. While a universal quantum computer can simulate any system, the eponymous noise inherent to NISQ devices practically favors certain simulation tasks over others in the near term. As a particularly well-suited target, we identify discrete time crystals (DTCs), novel nonequilibrium states of matter that break time translation symmetry. These can only be realized in the intrinsically out-of-equilibrium setting of periodically driven quantum systems stabilized by disorder-induced many-body localization. While promising precursors of the DTC have been observed across a variety of experimental platforms—ranging from trapped ions to nitrogen-vacancy centers to NMR crystals—none have all the necessary ingredients for realizing a fully fledged incarnation of this phase, and for detecting its signature long-range spatiotemporal order. We show that a new generation of quantum simulators can be programmed to realize the DTC phase and to experimentally detect its dynamical properties, a task requiring extensive capabilities for programmability, initialization, and readout. Specifically, the architecture of Google’s Sycamore processor is a remarkably close match for the task at hand. We also discuss the effects of environmental decoherence, and how they can be distinguished from ‘internal’ decoherence coming from closed-system thermalization dynamics. Already with existing technology and noise levels, we find that DTC spatiotemporal order would be observable over hundreds of periods, with parametric improvements to come as the hardware advances.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Stanford University, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0021111

OSTI ID:: 2322479

Journal Information:: PRX Quantum, Journal Name: PRX Quantum Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 2; ISSN 2691-3399

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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