X-ray self-emission imaging with spherically bent Bragg crystals on the Z-machine

Harding, E. C.; Robertson, G. K.; Dunham, G. S.; Gomez, M. R.; Fein, J. R.; Knapp, P. F.; Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Speas, C. S.; Ampleford, D. J.; Rochau, G. A.; Doron, R.; Maron, Y.

doi:10.1063/5.0143942

X-ray self-emission imaging with spherically bent Bragg crystals on the Z-machine

Journal Article · Tue Aug 29 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0143942· OSTI ID:2311725

^[1]; Robertson, G. K. ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Speas, C. S. ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel)

Here, an x-ray imaging scheme using spherically bent crystals was implemented on the Z-machine to image x rays emitted by the hot, dense plasma generated by a Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) target. This diagnostic relies on a spherically bent crystal to capture x-ray emission over a narrow spectral range (<15 eV), which is established by a limiting aperture placed on the Rowland circle. The spherical crystal optic provides the necessary high-throughput and large field-of-view required to produce a bright image over the entire, one-cm length of the emitting column of a plasma. The average spatial resolution was measured and determined to be 18 µm for the highest resolution configuration. With this resolution, the radial size of the stagnation column can be accurately determined and radial structures, such as bifurcations in the column, are clearly resolved. The success of the spherical-crystal imager has motivated the implementation of a new, two-crystal configuration for identifying sources of spectral line emission using a differential imaging technique.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2311725

Report Number(s):: SAND--2023-08836J

Journal Information:: Review of Scientific Instruments, Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 94; ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (46)

X-ray Doppler Velocimetry: An imaging diagnostic of 3D fluid flow in turbulent plasma Koch, J. A.; Field, J. E.; Kilkenny, J. D. High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2017.04.001	journal	June 2017
Changes in the electronic structure of highly compressed iron revealed by X-ray fluorescence lines and absorption edges Hansen, S. B.; Harding, E. C.; Knapp, P. F. High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 24 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2017.07.002	journal	September 2017
Relative x-ray collection efficiency, spatial resolution, and spectral resolution of spherically-bent quartz, mica, germanium, and pyrolytic graphite crystals Ao, T.; Harding, E. C.; Bailey, J. E. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 144 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2014.03.023	journal	September 2014
Five channel X-ray imaging of laser fusion plasmas Vollbrecht, M.; Uschmann, I.; Förster, E. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 58, Issue 4-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4073(97)00102-7	journal	October 1997
High-luminosity monochromatic x-ray backlighting using an incoherent plasma source to study extremely dense plasmas (invited) Pikuz, S. A.; Shelkovenko, T. A.; Romanova, V. M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 68, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1147689	journal	January 1997
4.5- and 8-keV emission and absorption x-ray imaging using spherically bent quartz 203 and 211 crystals (invited) Koch, J. A.; Aglitskiy, Y.; Brown, C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 74, Issue 3, p. 2130-2135 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1537448	journal	March 2003
Enhancement of x-ray yield from the Z-Beamlet laser for monochromatic backlighting by using a prepulse Sinars, D. B.; Bennett, G. R.; Herrmann, M. C. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2228515	journal	October 2006
High-brightness, high-spatial-resolution, 6.151 keV x-ray imaging of inertial confinement fusion capsule implosion and complex hydrodynamics experiments on Sandia’s Z accelerator (invited) Bennett, G. R.; Sinars, D. B.; Wenger, D. F. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10, Article No. 10E322 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2336433	journal	October 2006
Temperature sensitivity of Cu Kα imaging efficiency using a spherical Bragg reflecting crystal Akli, K. U.; Key, M. H.; Chung, H. K. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2431632	journal	February 2007
Pulsed-power-driven cylindrical liner implosions of laser preheated fuel magnetized with an axial field Slutz, S. A.; Herrmann, M. C.; Vesey, R. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3333505	journal	May 2010
Compact Kirkpatrick–Baez microscope mirrors for imaging laser-plasma x-ray emission Marshall, F. J. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4734037	journal	October 2012
The neutron imaging diagnostic at NIF (invited) Merrill, F. E.; Bower, D.; Buckles, R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4739242	journal	October 2012
Pulsed-coil magnet systems for applying uniform 10–30 T fields to centimeter-scale targets on Sandia's Z facility Rovang, D. C.; Lamppa, D. C.; Cuneo, M. E. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4902566	journal	December 2014
Analysis and implementation of a space resolving spherical crystal spectrometer for x-ray Thomson scattering experiments Harding, E. C.; Ao, T.; Bailey, J. E. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918619	journal	April 2015
Demonstration of thermonuclear conditions in magnetized liner inertial fusion experimentsa) Gomez, M. R.; Slutz, S. A.; Sefkow, A. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4919394	journal	May 2015
Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion: A review Craxton, R. S.; Anderson, K. S.; Boehly, T. R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4934714	journal	November 2015
Advances in x-ray framing cameras at the National Ignition Facility to improve quantitative precision in x-ray imaging Benedetti, L. R.; Holder, J. P.; Perkins, M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4941754	journal	February 2016
Cross-calibration of Fuji TR image plate and RAR 2492 x-ray film to determine the response of a DITABIS Super Micron image plate scanner Dunham, G.; Harding, E. C.; Loisel, G. P. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4955482	journal	July 2016
Resolving hot spot microstructure using x-ray penumbral imaging (invited) Bachmann, B.; Hilsabeck, T.; Field, J. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959161	journal	August 2016
The National Ignition Facility modular Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope Pickworth, L. A.; Ayers, J.; Bell, P. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4960417	journal	August 2016
Two-color monochromatic x-ray imaging with a single short-pulse laser Sawada, H.; Daykin, T.; McLean, H. S. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 88, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985729	journal	June 2017
Development of a cryogenically cooled platform for the Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) Program Awe, T. J.; Shelton, K. P.; Sefkow, A. B. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 88, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4986041	journal	September 2017
Minimizing scatter-losses during pre-heat for magneto-inertial fusion targets Geissel, Matthias; Harvey-Thompson, Adam J.; Awe, Thomas J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5003038	journal	February 2018
Characterization of shaped Bragg crystal assemblies for narrowband x-ray imaging Stoeckl, C.; Filkins, T.; Jungquist, R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5036525	journal	October 2018
Diagnosing and mitigating laser preheat induced mix in MagLIF Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Weis, M. R.; Harding, E. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5050931	journal	November 2018
Origins and effects of mix on magnetized liner inertial fusion target performance Knapp, P. F.; Gomez, M. R.; Hansen, S. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5064548	journal	January 2019
Constraining preheat energy deposition in MagLIF experiments with multi-frame shadowgraphy Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Geissel, M.; Jennings, C. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086044	journal	March 2019
Magnetic field impact on the laser heating in MagLIF Carpenter, K. R.; Mancini, R. C.; Harding, E. C. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5129417	journal	May 2020
X-ray photography of laser plasmas with the aid of analyzer crystals bent to form second-order surfaces Belyaev, L. M.; Gil'varg, A. B.; Mikhaĭlov, Yu A. Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1070/qe1976v006n09abeh011855	journal	September 1976
Progress of indirect drive inertial confinement fusion in the United States Kline, J. L.; Batha, S. H.; Benedetti, L. R. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab1ecf	journal	July 2019
Temperature distributions and gradients in laser-heated plasmas relevant to magnetized liner inertial fusion Carpenter, K. R.; Mancini, R. C.; Harding, E. C. Physical Review E, Vol. 102, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.102.023209	journal	August 2020
Penetrating Radiography of Imploding and Stagnating Beryllium Liners on the Z Accelerator McBride, R. D.; Slutz, S. A.; Jennings, C. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.135004	journal	September 2012
Observations of Modified Three-Dimensional Instability Structure for Imploding z -Pinch Liners that are Premagnetized with an Axial Field Awe, T. J.; McBride, R. D.; Jennings, C. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.235005	journal	December 2013
Performance Scaling in Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion Experiments Gomez, M. R.; Slutz, S. A.; Jennings, C. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 125, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.155002	journal	October 2020
SHADOW3 : a new version of the synchrotron X-ray optics modelling package Sanchez del Rio, Manuel; Canestrari, Niccolo; Jiang, Fan Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1107/s0909049511026306	journal	July 2011
Pulsed power performance of the Z machine: Ten years after the upgrade Savage, M. E.; Austin, K. N.; Hutsel, B. T. 2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC) https://doi.org/10.1109/ppc.2017.8291252	conference	June 2017
Assessing Stagnation Conditions and Identifying Trends in Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion Gomez, Matthew R.; Slutz, Stephen A.; Knapp, Patrick F. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 47, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/tps.2019.2893517	journal	May 2019
Sandia's Z-Backlighter Laser Facility Rambo, P.; Schwarz, J.; Schollmeier, M. SPIE Laser Damage, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2245271	conference	December 2016
XOP v2.4: recent developments of the x-ray optics software toolkit Sánchez del Río, Manuel; Dejus, Roger J. SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.893911	conference	September 2011
High-resolution x-ray imaging of extended lasing plasmas Förster, E.; Hutcheon, R. J.; Renner, O. Applied Optics, Vol. 36, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.36.000831	journal	February 1997
High-energy x-ray microscopy techniques for laser-fusion plasma research at the National Ignition Facility Koch, Jeffrey A.; Landen, Otto L.; Barbee, Troy W. Applied Optics, Vol. 37, Issue 10, p. 1784-1795 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.37.001784	journal	January 1998
High-resolution monochromatic x-ray imaging system based on spherically bent crystals Aglitskiy, Yefim; Lehecka, Thomas; Obenschain, Stephen Applied Optics, Vol. 37, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.37.005253	journal	January 1998
Time-resolved ten-channel monochromatic imaging of inertial confinement fusion plasmas Uschmann, Ingo; Fujita, Kazuhiza; Niki, Izam Applied Optics, Vol. 39, Issue 31, p. 5865-5871 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.39.005865	journal	January 2000
Fresnel zone plate development for x-ray radiography of hydrodynamic instabilities at the National Ignition Facility Do, Alexandre; Pickworth, Louisa A.; Kozioziemski, Bernard J. Applied Optics, Vol. 59, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.408569	journal	January 2020
Evaluation of bent-crystal x-ray backlighting and microscopy techniques for the Sandia Z machine Sinars, Daniel B.; Bennett, Guy R.; Wenger, David F. Applied Optics, Vol. 42, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.42.004059	journal	January 2003
Performance of bent-crystal x-ray microscopes for high energy density physics research Schollmeier, Marius S.; Geissel, Matthias; Shores, Jonathon E. Applied Optics, Vol. 54, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.54.005147	journal	January 2015

Similar Records

Asymmetric Rowland circle geometries for spherically bent crystal analyzers in laboratory and synchrotron applications

Journal Article · Wed Mar 13 20:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry · OSTI ID:2569672

Compact imaging Bragg spectrometer for fusion devices

Journal Article · Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2004 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:20636734

X-ray interferometry with spherically bent crystals (abstract)

Journal Article · Sun Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2000 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:40204781

Related Subjects

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION

X-ray self-emission imaging with spherically bent Bragg crystals on the Z-machine

Citation Formats

References (46)

Similar Records

Related Subjects