Design of graphene-based hybrid waveguides for nonlinear applications
- Islamic Azad University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Arak Branch (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
- Islamic Azad University, Microwave and Antenna Research Center, Urmia Branch (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
The extraordinary properties of a monolayer graphene can be effectively utilized in integrated optoelectronic devices. Therefore, the optical properties and the effective parameters on the graphene’s conductivity are calculated at the telecom wavelength 1.55 µm. Next, the different types of photonic and plasmonic hybrid waveguides based on graphene are designed for nonlinear applications such as frequency conversion processes. The fundamental proposed structure consists of a LiNbO{sub 3} layer, a single graphene layer and a dielectric gap between the graphene and LiNbO{sub 3} to support the nonlinear applications such as second harmonic generation. The waveguide’s performance is analyzed in terms of the intensity of electric field, LiNbO{sub 3} thickness, the gap refractive index, mode effective index and propagation loss while the graphene’s chemical potential is varied with an applied gate voltage. According to the results, a sudden rise in propagation loss at µ{sub c} = 0.493 eV (where the permittivity of graphene is almost zero) is observed. At last, a plasmonic hybrid waveguide consisting of a silver strip and a graphene layer placed between the metal and LiNbO{sub 3} layer is presented and the effect of the graphene’s chemical potential on the mode effective index and the propagation length are studied.
- OSTI ID:
- 22950409
- Journal Information:
- Optical and Quantum Electronics, Journal Name: Optical and Quantum Electronics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 51; ISSN OQELDI; ISSN 0306-8919
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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