(NuSTARNuSTAR) hard X-ray survey of the Galactic Center region. II. X-ray point sources

Hong, JaeSub; Grindlay, Jonathan E.; Mori, Kaya; Hailey, Charles J.; Nynka, Melania; Zhang, Shuo; Gotthelf, Eric; Fornasini, Francesca M.; Krivonos, Roman; Bauer, Franz; Perez, Kerstin; Tomsick, John A.; Chiu, Jeng-Lun; Clavel, Maïca; Bodaghee, Arash; Stern, Daniel; Alexander, David M.; Aramaki, Tsuguo; Baganoff, Frederick K.; Barret, Didier; others, and

doi:10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/132

(NuSTARNuSTAR) hard X-ray survey of the Galactic Center region. II. X-ray point sources

Journal Article · Sun Jul 10 04:00:00 EDT 2016 · Astrophysical Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/132· OSTI ID:22868907

Hong, JaeSub; Grindlay, Jonathan E. ^[1]; Mori, Kaya; Hailey, Charles J.; Nynka, Melania; Zhang, Shuo; Gotthelf, Eric ^[2]; Fornasini, Francesca M. ^[3]; Krivonos, Roman ^[4]; Bauer, Franz ^[5]; Perez, Kerstin ^[6]; Tomsick, John A.; Chiu, Jeng-Lun; Clavel, Maïca ^[7]; Bodaghee, Arash ^[8]; Stern, Daniel ^[9]; Alexander, David M. ^[10]; Aramaki, Tsuguo ^[11]; Baganoff, Frederick K. ^[12]; Barret, Didier ^[13] more »

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)
Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 (United States)
Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720 (United States)
Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32, 117997 Moscow (Russian Federation)
Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, 306, Santiago 22 (Chile)
Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, KINSC L109, Haverford, PA 19041 (United States)
Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
Georgia College, 231 W. Hancock St., Milledgeville, GA 31061 (United States)
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States)
Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE (United Kingdom)
Standford National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 (United States)
Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusets Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 (United States)
Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse (France)

We present the first survey results of hard X-ray point sources in the Galactic Center (GC) region by NuSTAR. We have discovered 70 hard (3–79 keV) X-ray point sources in a 0.6 deg{sup 2} region around Sgr A* with a total exposure of 1.7 Ms, and 7 sources in the Sgr B2 field with 300 ks. We identify clear Chandra counterparts for 58 NuSTAR sources and assign candidate counterparts for the remaining 19. The NuSTAR survey reaches X-ray luminosities of ∼4× and ∼8 × 10{sup 32} erg s{sup −1} at the GC (8 kpc) in the 3–10 and 10–40 keV bands, respectively. The source list includes three persistent luminous X-ray binaries (XBs) and the likely run-away pulsar called the Cannonball. New source-detection significance maps reveal a cluster of hard (>10 keV) X-ray sources near the Sgr A diffuse complex with no clear soft X-ray counterparts. The severe extinction observed in the Chandra spectra indicates that all the NuSTAR sources are in the central bulge or are of extragalactic origin. Spectral analysis of relatively bright NuSTAR sources suggests that magnetic cataclysmic variables constitute a large fraction (>40%–60%). Both spectral analysis and logN–logS distributions of the NuSTAR sources indicate that the X-ray spectra of the NuSTAR sources should have kT > 20 keV on average for a single temperature thermal plasma model or an average photon index of Γ = 1.5–2 for a power-law model. These findings suggest that the GC X-ray source population may contain a larger fraction of XBs with high plasma temperatures than the field population.

OSTI ID:: 22868907

Journal Information:: Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 825; ISSN ASJOAB; ISSN 0004-637X

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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(NuSTARNuSTAR) hard X-ray survey of the Galactic Center region. II. X-ray point sources

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