Stakeholders' manipulation of Environmental Impact Assessment
- DRABA Ingeniería y Consultoría Medioambiental, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Cañada Nueva, 13, 28200 San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain)
Highlights: • Manipulation is an illegitimate attempt to alter EIA for spurious interests. • Any stakeholder may try to manipulate EIA in self-benefit. • While bias is unavoidable in EIA and should be managed, manipulation is unacceptable. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process where several stakeholders take part, each with different interests, making bias unavoidable and a major cause of concern, but there is a big difference between inherent stakeholders' bias and manipulation, an illegitimate attempt to alter decisions for spurious interests. Although manipulation has usually been attributed to developers, any stakeholder may try to use it for self-benefit. In this paper we analyse manipulation possibilities, and how they can be used by stakeholders. While bias is unavoidable and should be reduced, understood and managed in EIA, manipulation is unacceptable and must be excluded.
- OSTI ID:
- 22826034
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Journal Name: Environmental Impact Assessment Review Vol. 68; ISSN 0195-9255; ISSN EIARDK
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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