White light generation via sequential stepwise absorption and energy-transfer frequency upconversion in Tm{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+}-codoped glass
White light emission with CIE-1931 coordinates close to the standard equal-energy white light illuminant, and color temperature in the 4000–6500 K range was produced in Tm{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+}-codoped glasses through frequency upconversion. Multi-Stokes Raman emissions generated in an optical fiber pumped at 1.064 µm were used, seeking out the {sup 3}H{sub 5} thulium absorption band around 1.2 µm as the departure point. The new and efficient excitation approach allowed the generation of near infrared (800 nm), red (650 nm), and blue (480 nm) emission due to frequency upconversion excited via ground-state absorption and excited-state absorption in Tm{sup 3+} ions. Energy-transfer followed by excited-state absorption in Er{sup 3+} ions, provided the generation of the green (530, 550 nm) and red (660 nm) components to compose white light. The excitation mechanism for the Tm{sup 3+} ions is assigned to stepwise multi-wavelength excitation using Stokes Raman emission in an optical fiber, followed by stepwise excited-state absorption of the pump photons. Energy-transfer Tm{sup 3+}[{sup 3}F{sub 4}] + Er{sup 3+}[{sup 4}I{sub 15/2}] →Tm{sup 3+}[{sup 3}H{sub 6}] + Er{sup 3+}[{sup 4}I{sub 9/2}] followed by excited-state absorption of multi-Stokes Raman emissions populate erbium visible emitting level. Excitation power color tuneability of the overall light emission was also achieved. - Graphical abstract: Recorded emission spectrua of visible radiation emanating from the single-doped (Er3+, Tm3+) and codoped (Er3+/Tm3+) samples excited 160 mW average power from the fiber output. Simplified energy-level diagram of the excitation and upconversion emission processes for the Tm3+/Er3+-codoped sample excited using multi-Stokes emissions. Display Omitted.
- OSTI ID:
- 22742051
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 255; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0022-4596
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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