Recovery of manganese oxides from spent alkaline and zinc–carbon batteries. An application as catalysts for VOCs elimination
- Pla.Pi.Mu-Planta Piloto Multipropósito, (CICPBA-UNLP) Cno. Centenario y 505, M.B. Gonnet, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Highlights: • Manganese oxides were synthesized using spent batteries as raw materials. • Spent alkaline and zinc–carbon size AA batteries were used. • A biohydrometallurgical process was employed to bio-lixiviate batteries. • Manganese oxides were active in the oxidation of VOCs (ethanol and heptane). - Abstract: Manganese, in the form of oxide, was recovered from spent alkaline and zinc–carbon batteries employing a biohydrometallurgy process, using a pilot plant consisting in: an air-lift bioreactor (containing an acid-reducing medium produced by an Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans bacteria immobilized on elemental sulfur); a leaching reactor (were battery powder is mixed with the acid-reducing medium) and a recovery reactor. Two different manganese oxides were recovered from the leachate liquor: one of them by electrolysis (EMO) and the other by a chemical precipitation with KMnO{sub 4} solution (CMO). The non-leached solid residue was also studied (RMO). The solids were compared with a MnO{sub x} synthesized in our laboratory. The characterization by XRD, FTIR and XPS reveal the presence of Mn{sub 2}O{sub 3} in the EMO and the CMO samples, together with some Mn{sup 4+} cations. In the solid not extracted by acidic leaching (RMO) the main phase detected was Mn{sub 3}O{sub 4}. The catalytic performance of the oxides was studied in the complete oxidation of ethanol and heptane. Complete conversion of ethanol occurs at 200 °C, while heptane requires more than 400 °C. The CMO has the highest oxide selectivity to CO{sub 2}. The results show that manganese oxides obtained using spent alkaline and zinc–carbon batteries as raw materials, have an interesting performance as catalysts for elimination of VOCs.
- OSTI ID:
- 22300364
- Journal Information:
- Waste Management, Journal Name: Waste Management Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 33; ISSN WAMAE2; ISSN 0956-053X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
BACTERIA
CARBON DIOXIDE
CATIONS
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTROLYSIS
ETHANOL
FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROMETERS
HEPTANE
INFRARED SPECTRA
LEACHING
MANGANESE
MANGANESE IONS
MANGANESE OXIDES
MATERIALS RECOVERY
OXIDATION
PILOT PLANTS
PRECIPITATION
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY