Single-differential and integral cross sections for electron-impact ionization for the damage of carbon clusters irradiated with x-ray free-electron lasers

Journal Article · Mon Feb 15 04:00:00 EST 2010 · Physical Review. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVA.81.023201· OSTI ID:21408251

Kai, Takeshi ^[1]

---

1. Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1 Umemidai Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215 (Japan)

Single-differential and integral cross sections for electron-impact ionization of the C atom and its ions were calculated with the binary-encounter-dipole model [Y.-K. Kim and M. E. Rudd, Phys. Rev. A 50, 3954 (1994)] to study the distribution of free-electron energies in carbon clusters after being irradiated with an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). The averaged energies of the secondary electrons for the C atom, and C{sup 1+}, C{sup 2+}, and C{sup 3+} ions were about 20, 70, 160, and 200 eV, respectively, when incident electron energy was about 20 keV, while those energies were in the order of tens of electronvolts when the incident electron energy was about 250 eV. The damage to carbon clusters irradiated with the XFEL was also investigated with time-dependent rate equations, considering photoionization, Compton scattering, Auger decay, and electron-impact ionization of the C atom and its ions. The results show that the electron-impact ionization becomes a more important process as the x-ray flux decreases, while the effect of Auger decay gradually appears as the x-ray flux increases. The energy dependence of the incident x ray was also investigated to evaluate the resolution of the diffraction pattern. These results indicate that we should make the XFEL pulse a few fs and about 16 keV to suppress damage and obtain desired resolution of the diffraction pattern.

• OSTI ID: 21408251
• Journal Information: Physical Review. A, Journal Name: Physical Review. A Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 81; ISSN 1050-2947; ISSN PLRAAN
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
BASIC INTERACTIONS
CARBON
CARBON IONS
CHARGED PARTICLES
COHERENT SCATTERING
COMPTON EFFECT
CROSS SECTIONS
DAMAGE
DECAY
DIFFRACTION
ELASTIC SCATTERING
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELECTRONS
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY DEPENDENCE
ENERGY RANGE
EV RANGE
FERMIONS
FREE ELECTRON LASERS
INTEGRAL CROSS SECTIONS
INTERACTIONS
IONIZATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IONS
KEV RANGE
LASERS
LEPTONS
NONMETALS
PHOTOIONIZATION
RADIATIONS
SCATTERING
TIME DEPENDENCE
X RADIATION