Bench-scale evaluation of bioaugmentation to remediate carbon tetrachloride-contaminated aquifer materials

Journal Article · Fri Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1996 · Ground Water

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1996.tb01896.x· OSTI ID:201272

Mayotte, T J ^[1]; Dybas, M J ^[2]; Criddle, C S ^[2]

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1. Golder Associates Inc., East Lansing, MI (United States)
2. National Science Foundation, East Lansing, MI (United States)

Pseudomonas sp. strain KC is a denitrifying bacterium that, under Fe-limited conditions and in the presence of sufficient quantities of growth substrate, rapidly transforms CCl{sub 4} to carbon dioxide and nonvolatile products without production of chloroform. Bench-scale laboratory methods were used to evaluate the feasibility of bioaugmentation with strain KC to remediate aquifer materials from an aquifer at Schoolcraft, Michigan. Columns were alternately exchanged with ground water from the site in a rapid (20--30 minute) displacement of the pore fluid, then incubated under static conditions for a period of days to weeks. The exchange and incubation procedure continued until CCl{sub 4} removal began to plateau, indicating equilibration of the sorbed CCl{sub 4} with CCl{sub 4} in the pore fluid. Information obtained during this period was used to evaluate porosity and CCl{sub 4} sorption. In subsequent exchanges, base, acetate, and phosphorus were added to the exchange fluids to create conditions favorable for growth of strain KC and expression of its CCl{sub 4} transformation activity. Three columns were inoculated with strain KC; three were not inoculated; and three were chemically disinfected with thimersol. Protein levels measured in the effluent of the inoculated columns during subsequent exchanges indicated that niche adjustment enabled rapid growth and colonization of the aquifer solids by strain KC. Little or no protein was detected in the effluent of uninoculated columns. CCl{sub 4} mass balances on the inoculated, noninoculated, and chemically disinfected columns indicated that niche adjustment and inoculation with strain KC created conditions favorable for CCl{sub 4} removal from the aquifer solids. Up to 70% removal of soluble CCl{sub 4} (30--50 {micro}g/l) occurred in inoculated columns over a period of seven to nine days.

• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• OSTI ID: 201272
• Journal Information: Ground Water, Journal Name: Ground Water Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 34; ISSN GRWAAP; ISSN 0017-467X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
AQUIFERS
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
BIODEGRADATION
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
GROWTH
MICHIGAN
PSEUDOMONAS
REMEDIAL ACTION