Observation of D2 molecule line emission after massive D2 injection into runaway electron plateaus in DIII-D

Hollmann, E. M.; Herfindal, J. L.; McLean, A.; Pigarov, A. Yu.; Shiraki, D.; Wilcox, R. S.

doi:10.1063/5.0162644

Title: Observation of D₂ molecule line emission after massive D₂ injection into runaway electron plateaus in DIII-D

Journal Article · Wed Oct 04 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0162644· OSTI ID:2007508

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University of California—San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
CompX Corporation, Del Mar, CA (United States)

Molecular deuterium line emission is observed in both the visible and ultraviolet (UV) wavelength ranges after massive (> 100 Torr-L) injection of D₂ gas into post-disruption runaway electron (RE) dominated plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak. D₂ UV line emission is found to be the dominant source of radiated power, surpassing D Lyα. Interpretive modeling with a collisional-radiative model (CRM) indicates that D₂ radiation surpasses D radiation because Lyα is strongly trapped, while D₂ UV lines are mostly untrapped. The CRM also indicates that the D₂ line emission is completely dominated by RE impact (rather than thermal electron impact), so the D₂ line emission can serve as a good diagnostic for the spatial localization of REs. Analysis of D₂ visible lines indicates that the D₂ molecules in the plasma are thermally equilibrated with the background plasma, with vibrational, rotational, and kinetic temperatures all near 0.3 eV. D₂ spectroscopy therefore serves as a convenient diagnostic of background plasma temperature. As a result, measurement of D₂ radiated power also appears to serve as a useful diagnostic for constraining neutral transport modeling.

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Research Organization:: General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-04ER54698; FG02-07ER54917; AC05-00OR22725; FG02-04ER54744; AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2007508

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2281097

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 30, Issue 10; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Observation of D₂ molecule line emission after massive D₂ injection into runaway electron plateaus in DIII-D