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Electrolytic Coagulant Generation for Treating Flowback and Produced Water for Reuse

Journal Article · · ACS ES&T Water
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); University of Arizona
  2. North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND (United States)
  3. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
This research investigated a novel electrochemical process for producing a ferric iron coagulant for use in treating flowback and produced water (FPW) from hydraulic fracturing and oil production operations. The electrolytic coagulant generation (ECG) system uses an electrochemical cell to produce acid and base from oilfield brine solutions. The acid is used to dissolve scrap iron to provide a Fe3+ coagulating agent, and the base is used to neutralize the treated water. The costs for generating the ferric iron coagulant were determined as a function of current density and feed water salinity. The process was shown to be effective for removing colloidal bentonite particles from brine solutions. Here, the process has several advantages over conventional electrocoagulation using iron anodes, including: the ability to treat anoxic waters, elimination of electrode fouling, lower cost for the coagulant, and the ability to deliver Fe3+ doses greater than 1 mM, since it is not limited by the amount of dissolved oxygen required to oxidize ferrous to ferric iron.
Research Organization:
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
FE0031854
OSTI ID:
1996998
Journal Information:
ACS ES&T Water, Journal Name: ACS ES&T Water Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 3; ISSN 2690-0637
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (13)

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Figures / Tables (14)

Figure 1(p. 5)figure Figure 1
Table 1(p. 8)table Table 1
Figure 2(p. 11)figure Figure 2
Figure 3(p. 12)figure Figure 3
Figure 4(p. 13)figure Figure 4
Figure 5(p. 14)figure Figure 5
Figure 6(p. 16)figure Figure 6
Figure 7(p. 17)figure Figure 7
Figure 8(p. 18)figure Figure 8
Table 2(p. 19)table Table 2
Figure S1(p. 25)figure Figure S1
Figure S2(p. 26)figure Figure S2
Table S1(p. 26)table Table S1
Figure S3(p. 27)figure Figure S3

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Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
acid and base chemistry
coagulant
electrochemical
electrochemical cells
electrocoagulation
electrodes
electrolytic
ferric iron coagulant
flowback
iron
membranes
produced water treatment
water electrolysis