Thermally Induced Structural Transitions in Epoxy Thermoset Polymer Networks and Their Spectroscopic Responses

Dwyer, Derek; Isbill, Sara; Brubaker, Zach; Keum, Jong K.; Bras, Wim; Niedziela, Jennifer

doi:10.1021/acsapm.3c00637

Thermally Induced Structural Transitions in Epoxy Thermoset Polymer Networks and Their Spectroscopic Responses

Journal Article · Tue Jul 11 04:00:00 EDT 2023 · ACS Applied Polymer Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.3c00637· OSTI ID:1995693

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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

The polymer network structure of epoxy thermosets plays a significant role in its final material properties. However, the effects of mild thermal exposure on these network structures are poorly studied. In this work, wide-angle X-ray scattering was used to investigate the polymer network structure of two epoxy thermosets: homopolymerized bisphenol A (BPA) epoxy resin and BPA epoxy resin cured with a polyether amine hardener (BPA/T-403). Using density functional theory and wide-angle X-ray scattering, insights into the polymer network structure were obtained. Diffraction features were determined to originate from hardener-to-hardener molecular distance, perpendicular π–π stacking of aromatic p-phenylene rings, and the average carbon–carbon distance in the polymer. Thermal exposure was found to permanently alter these structural features for both thermosets, with an increase in the π–π stacking distance. Homopolymerized BPA had an additional decrease in the hardener-to-hardener distance. These structural alterations were found to be detectable using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, with changes in the hardener-to-hardener distance having the largest variations in the resulting spectra specifically at the aromatic and ether frequencies.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1995693

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Name: ACS Applied Polymer Materials Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 5; ISSN 2637-6105

Publisher:: ACS PublicationsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Bisphenol A epoxy resin
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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
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Wide-angle X-ray scattering

Thermally Induced Structural Transitions in Epoxy Thermoset Polymer Networks and Their Spectroscopic Responses

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