QBO deepens MJO convection

Jin, Daeho; Kim, Daehyun; Son, Seok-Woo; Oreopoulos, Lazaros

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39465-7

QBO deepens MJO convection

Journal Article · Mon Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39465-7· OSTI ID:1989076

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Abstract

The underlying mechanism that couples the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) has remained elusive, challenging our understanding of both phenomena. A popular hypothesis about the QBO-MJO connection is that the vertical extent of MJO convection is strongly modulated by the QBO. However, this hypothesis has not been verified observationally. Here we show that the cloud-top pressure and brightness temperature of deep convection and anvil clouds are systematically lower in the easterly QBO (EQBO) winters than in the westerly QBO (WQBO) winters, indicating that the vertical growth of deep convective systems within MJO envelopes is facilitated by the EQBO mean state. Moreover, the deeper clouds during EQBO winters are more effective at reducing longwave radiation escaping to space and thereby enhancing longwave cloud-radiative feedback within MJO envelopes. Our results provide robust observational evidence of the enhanced MJO activity during EQBO winters by mean state changes induced by the QBO.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016223

OSTI ID:: 1989076

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 14; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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