Data-Driven Cyber-Attack Detection for PV Farms via Time-Frequency Domain Features

Guo, Lulu; Zhang, Jinan; Ye, Jin; Coshatt, Stephen James; Song, Wenzhan

doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3136559

Data-Driven Cyber-Attack Detection for PV Farms via Time-Frequency Domain Features

Journal Article · Mon Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2021 · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3136559· OSTI ID:1980585

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Coshatt, Stephen James ^[2]; ^[2]

Tongji University, Shanghai (China); University of Georgia
University of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)

The internetworking of grid-connected power electronics converters (PECs) in photovoltaic (PV) farms has inevitably expanded the cyber-attack surfaces. Here this paper presents a comprehensive study on cyber-attack detection and diagnosis for PEC-enabled PV farms via single waveform sensor to distinguish between normal conditions, open-circuit faults, short-circuit faults, and cyber-attacks. To our knowledge, this has not been attempted before. Firstly, we propose frequency-domain magnitude-based residuals to identify short-circuit faults and a time-domain mean current vector-based feature to distinguish open-circuit faults from other threats. These features can fully reflect the specific physical characteristics of PV farms during threat duration. Secondly, unlike micro phasor measurement units (µPMU) and raw electric waveform-based methods, the proposed innovative features can address novel cyber-attacks that are excluded from the training process. Thirdly, an online hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testbed using the OPAL-RT real-time digital simulator has verified the effectiveness. The monitoring system runs in real-time while using HIL as an operational solar farm and a National Instruments (NI) data acquisition card as the electric waveform sensor at the point of coupling.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR (United States); University of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0009026

OSTI ID:: 1980585

Journal Information:: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 13; ISSN 1949-3053

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Data-Driven Cyber-Attack Detection for PV Farms via Time-Frequency Domain Features

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